-
-
[原创]极路由远程命令执行漏洞-漏洞分析
-
发表于: 2025-10-27 12:25
-
本篇主要介绍cloud_token的计算方式和远程命令执行漏洞的代码分析。cloud_token是开启远程ssh的token，如果知道cloud_token就可以远程开启ssh服务。
按照上文的模拟环境运行方式，打开 3d8K9s2c8@1M7q4)9K6b7g2)9J5c8W2)9J5c8U0p5J5y4#2)9J5k6e0m8Q4x3X3f1H3i4K6u0W2x3g2)9J5c8X3I4G2j5$3q4D9i4K6u0V1M7%4y4Z5i4K6u0r3 连接。出现远程开启ssh服务的页面。
正常情况下local token的输入框显示的是路由器local token的值，因为是模拟环境，没有板载信息，所以显示的为空。这里提供一组历史数据:
uuid就是路由器的固件信息，每个路由器都不同，获取的路径是 7fdK9s2c8@1M7q4)9K6b7g2)9J5c8W2)9J5c8U0p5J5y4#2)9J5k6e0m8Q4x3X3f1H3i4K6u0W2x3g2)9J5c8X3y4Y4K9g2)9J5k6r3u0A6L8W2)9J5c8Y4c8#2M7X3u0G2i4K6u0r3M7s2u0G2P5s2W2Q4x3V1k6J5L8%4g2@1k6i4u0Q4y4h3k6A6L8X3k6G2
通过查看nginx的配置文件，可以找到local_ssh的解析路径为 /usr/lib/lua/luci/local_ssh/local_ssh.lua;
然后使用luadec对local_ssh.lua和local_ssh_util.lua进行反编译，luadec需要使用luadec-openwrt的版本。
可以使用luadec直接反编译，也可以使用luadec -dis 先转为lua的反汇编形式，再使用AI转为lua代码；
local_ssh.lua的反编译代码如下:
local_ssh_util.lua的反编译代码如下:
local_token的计算方式是:base64(mac_address,ssh,current_time,hmac_token),主要代码如下:
cloud_token的计算方式是: lua_hmac_sha1_with_uuid(mac_address,ssh,current_time+1),主要代码如下:
lua_hmac_sha1_with_uuid 的函数在libauth.so中，主要代码如下:
调用的hmac_sha1_with_uuid函数在libauth.so中，主要代码如下:
tw_get_uuid(v9)是获取固件信息的fac_uuid，也就是固件的uuid。在libtw.so.0.1.0中，代码如下:
然后调用SHA1对uuid进行哈希运算做为HMAC的密钥，HMAC使用的是sha1模式进行哈希运算。
根据以上的分析结果生成计算cloud_token的python代码如下:
远程命令执行的漏洞分析比较简单，漏洞代码就位于以上的local_ssh.lua中。漏洞代码如下:
在method=valid时，对于传来的data参数没有做任何的过滤就直接传进了exec_cmd进行了执行。
远程命令执行的POC代码如下: b48K9s2c8@1M7q4)9K6b7g2)9J5c8W2)9J5c8U0p5J5y4#2)9J5k6e0m8Q4x3X3f1H3i4K6u0W2x3g2)9J5c8X3I4G2j5$3q4D9i4K6u0V1M7%4y4Z5i4K6u0r3j5i4m8A6i4K6y4r3L8h3g2@1K9r3!0V1i4K6y4p5N6X3q4D9K9h3c8Q4x3U0k6S2L8i4m8Q4x3@1u0V1j5i4c8S2i4K6y4p5i4K6N6o6L8s2x3`.
local_token：RDRFRTA3MjI0MjFFLHNzaCwxNjEyNTA5ODU1NTI4LN/Gtg9ilqUoIsFFNGeHCHIA237Quuid:f1f01c50-a881-11e4-9b37-d4ee0722421ecloud_token:5Jj4IhbY/K+QpS3n1rGfMFI3A58=local_token：RDRFRTA3MjI0MjFFLHNzaCwxNjEyNTA5ODU1NTI4LN/Gtg9ilqUoIsFFNGeHCHIA237Quuid:f1f01c50-a881-11e4-9b37-d4ee0722421ecloud_token:5Jj4IhbY/K+QpS3n1rGfMFI3A58=ls /usr/lib/lua/luci/local_sshlocal_ssh.lua local_ssh_util.luals /usr/lib/lua/luci/local_sshlocal_ssh.lua local_ssh_util.lualocal json = require("hiwifi.json")local utils = require("openapi.utils.utils")local string = stringlocal tostring = tostringmodule("luci.local_ssh.local_ssh")local function dispatcher(request) local response = "" local result = {} if not request then request = {} end local method = request.method if method == "get" then local cmd_result = utils.exec_cmd("sudo /usr/lib/lua/luci/local_ssh/local_ssh_util.lua get") result["code"] = 0 result["data"] = cmd_result elseif method == "valid" then if request.data ~= nil then local cmd_result = utils.exec_cmd("sudo /usr/lib/lua/luci/local_ssh/local_ssh_util.lua valid " .. tostring(request.data)) if not cmd_result then cmd_result = "" end cmd_result = tostring(cmd_result) if string.find(cmd_result, "Success:") then result["code"] = 0 result["data"] = cmd_result else result["code"] = 1 result["data"] = cmd_result end else -- 当request.data为nil时的处理 result["code"] = 1 result["data"] = "" end elseif method == "stop" then local cmd_result = utils.exec_cmd("sudo /usr/lib/lua/luci/local_ssh/local_ssh_util.lua stop") result["code"] = 0 result["data"] = cmd_result else result["code"] = 1 result["data"] = "Error: Method does not exist" end response = json.encode(result) return responseenddispatcher = dispatcherlocal json = require("hiwifi.json")local utils = require("openapi.utils.utils")local string = stringlocal tostring = tostringmodule("luci.local_ssh.local_ssh")local function dispatcher(request) local response = "" local result = {} if not request then request = {} end local method = request.method if method == "get" then local cmd_result = utils.exec_cmd("sudo /usr/lib/lua/luci/local_ssh/local_ssh_util.lua get") result["code"] = 0 result["data"] = cmd_result elseif method == "valid" then if request.data ~= nil then local cmd_result = utils.exec_cmd("sudo /usr/lib/lua/luci/local_ssh/local_ssh_util.lua valid " .. tostring(request.data)) if not cmd_result then cmd_result = "" end cmd_result = tostring(cmd_result) if string.find(cmd_result, "Success:") then result["code"] = 0 result["data"] = cmd_result else result["code"] = 1 result["data"] = cmd_result end else -- 当request.data为nil时的处理 result["code"] = 1 result["data"] = "" end elseif method == "stop" then local cmd_result = utils.exec_cmd("sudo /usr/lib/lua/luci/local_ssh/local_ssh_util.lua stop") result["code"] = 0 result["data"] = cmd_result else result["code"] = 1 result["data"] = "Error: Method does not exist" end response = json.encode(result) return responseenddispatcher = dispatcherlocal tw = require("tw")local auth = require("auth")local socket = require("socket")local util = require("luci.util")local nixio = require("nixio")local protocol = require("luci.http.protocol")local math_floor = math.floorlocal current_time = math_floor(socket.gettime() * 1000)local mac_address = tw.get_mac()local service_name = "ssh"local token = ""local base_string = tostring(mac_address) .. "," .. service_name .. "," .. tostring(current_time)local encoded_token = ""local timestamp_file = "/tmp/local_ssh_ms"-- 读取时间戳文件local file_handle = io.open(timestamp_file, "r")local stored_timestamp = 0if file_handle ~= nil then local timestamp = file_handle:read("*n") if timestamp then stored_timestamp = timestamp else stored_timestamp = 0 end file_handle:close()else -- 文件不存在，创建新文件 file_handle = io.open(timestamp_file, "a") stored_timestamp = 0 file_handle:close()endlocal command = arg[1]local input_data = arg[2] or ""local popen_handle, port_numberif command == "get" then -- 获取SSH状态 file_handle = assert(io.open(timestamp_file, "w")) file_handle:write(current_time) file_handle:close() local hmac_token = auth.lua_hmac_sha1_with_uuid(base_string, string.len(base_string)) if hmac_token then token = hmac_token else token = "" end encoded_token = nixio.bin.b64encode(base_string .. "," .. token) print(encoded_token) os.exit(0) elseif command == "valid" then -- 验证令牌 local validation_string = tostring(mac_address) .. "," .. service_name .. "," .. tostring(stored_timestamp + 1) local hmac_token = auth.lua_hmac_sha1_with_uuid(validation_string, string.len(validation_string)) if hmac_token then token = hmac_token else token = "" end encoded_token = nixio.bin.b64encode(token) if input_data == encoded_token then -- 令牌验证成功，重启SSH服务 os.execute("/etc/init.d/dropbear restart; hwf-at 10 /usr/lib/lua/luci/local_ssh/local_ssh_util.lua check_connected") os.remove(timestamp_file) -- 获取SSH端口号 popen_handle = io.popen("s=`netstat -lntp|grep dropbear | grep '0.0.0.0' | grep -v '127.0.0.1'|awk '{print $4}'`; echo ${s##*:}") if popen_handle == nil then print("Error: port file does not exist") os.exit(1) end port_number = popen_handle:read("*n") if port_number == nil then print("Error: port does not exist") os.exit(1) end popen_handle:close() print("Success: ssh port is " .. port_number) os.exit(0) else print("Error: valid token error") os.exit(1) end elseif command == "stop" then -- 停止SSH服务 popen_handle = io.popen("pidof dropbear | wc -w") local process_count = popen_handle:read("*n") popen_handle:close() if process_count <= 1 then os.execute("/etc/init.d/dropbear stop") else -- 如果还有连接，5秒后重试 os.execute("hwf-at 5 /usr/lib/lua/luci/local_ssh/local_ssh_util.lua stop") end elseif command == "check_connected" then -- 检查SSH连接状态 popen_handle = io.popen("pidof dropbear | wc -w") local process_count = popen_handle:read("*n") popen_handle:close() if process_count <= 1 then -- 没有连接，10秒后再次检查 os.execute("hwf-at 10 /usr/lib/lua/luci/local_ssh/local_ssh_util.lua check_connected") else -- 有连接，180秒后尝试停止 os.execute("hwf-at 180 /usr/lib/lua/luci/local_ssh/local_ssh_util.lua stop") end else print("Error: method does not exist") os.exit(1)endlocal tw = require("tw")local auth = require("auth")local socket = require("socket")local util = require("luci.util")local nixio = require("nixio")local protocol = require("luci.http.protocol")local math_floor = math.floorlocal current_time = math_floor(socket.gettime() * 1000)local mac_address = tw.get_mac()local service_name = "ssh"local token = ""local base_string = tostring(mac_address) .. "," .. service_name .. "," .. tostring(current_time)local encoded_token = ""local timestamp_file = "/tmp/local_ssh_ms"-- 读取时间戳文件local file_handle = io.open(timestamp_file, "r")local stored_timestamp = 0if file_handle ~= nil then local timestamp = file_handle:read("*n") if timestamp then stored_timestamp = timestamp else stored_timestamp = 0 end file_handle:close()else -- 文件不存在，创建新文件 file_handle = io.open(timestamp_file, "a") stored_timestamp = 0 file_handle:close()endlocal command = arg[1]local input_data = arg[2] or ""local popen_handle, port_numberif command == "get" then -- 获取SSH状态 file_handle = assert(io.open(timestamp_file, "w")) file_handle:write(current_time) file_handle:close() local hmac_token = auth.lua_hmac_sha1_with_uuid(base_string, string.len(base_string)) if hmac_token then token = hmac_token else token = "" end encoded_token = nixio.bin.b64encode(base_string .. "," .. token) print(encoded_token) os.exit(0) elseif command == "valid" then -- 验证令牌 local validation_string = tostring(mac_address) .. "," .. service_name .. "," .. tostring(stored_timestamp + 1) local hmac_token = auth.lua_hmac_sha1_with_uuid(validation_string, string.len(validation_string)) if hmac_token then token = hmac_token else token = "" end encoded_token = nixio.bin.b64encode(token) if input_data == encoded_token then -- 令牌验证成功，重启SSH服务 os.execute("/etc/init.d/dropbear restart; hwf-at 10 /usr/lib/lua/luci/local_ssh/local_ssh_util.lua check_connected") os.remove(timestamp_file) -- 获取SSH端口号 popen_handle = io.popen("s=`netstat -lntp|grep dropbear | grep '0.0.0.0' | grep -v '127.0.0.1'|awk '{print $4}'`; echo ${s##*:}") if popen_handle == nil then print("Error: port file does not exist") os.exit(1) end port_number = popen_handle:read("*n") if port_number == nil then print("Error: port does not exist") os.exit(1) end popen_handle:close() print("Success: ssh port is " .. port_number) os.exit(0) else[培训]Windows内核深度攻防：从Hook技术到Rootkit实战！
最后于 2025-10-27 16:11
被易之生生编辑
，原因：
