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2022*CTF babyarm 内核题目详细分析
发表于: 2022-4-21 00:54 19473

2022*CTF babyarm 内核题目详细分析

2022-4-21 00:54
19473

一道不常见的 aarch64 kernel pwn,这题很简单就简单栈溢出,msr 返回用户态 orw 即可

但就是返回用户态的机制不太好了解,然后流程控制也跟常规的 x86 那种有很大区别

device_read 函数

device_write 函数

存在栈溢出漏洞

审一下代码就可以知道,红色框框中的东西一定会进,read 用来 leak,write 用来 rop

其实不怎么审代码,下好断点调试也可以知道进入哪里

vmlinux 从镜像中拉出来地址全是乱的。。。

gadgets 可以通过调试去找,直接在 gdb 里面找,还好这题 rop 不复杂,不然痛苦死了

但这个方法也不好,后面发现这个 aarch64 的 Image 文件可以直接 ida,但是只有偏移地址,但没关系

这题没开 kaslr,直接查内核基址再加上偏移就可以了

然后说说 aarch64 的一些简单的汇编指令和知识

寻址格式,# 代表立即数

寄存器

在 aarch64 汇编中寄存器是 64 位的,使用 X[n] 表示,低32 位以 W[n] 表示

在 64 位架构中有 31 个 64 位的通用寄存器

使用如下指令在 pwndbg 中查看

x0~x7:一般是函数的参数,大于8个的会通过堆栈传参

x0 还用作返回值

X9-X15:调用者保存的临时寄存器

X19-X29:被调用者保存的寄存器

关于 aarch64 架构下的开辟栈帧

x86 下一般是 push、pop 指令

而 aarch 64 下就是 LDP、STP 指令

例如:

关于返回用户态

使用 gdb 单步调试可以找到如下 gadgets,也就是利用 msr 指令进行寄存器的恢复

msr 指令会分别将 x21、x22、x23 的值还原给上面三个重要寄存器

所以伪造这三个值即可返回用户态

先改一下 init 文件

注释掉 cd /home/pwn,是为了运行 exp 更方便,不然还得 cd 一下才能运行 exp

这两条指令

这使得普通用户无法查看 dmesg 和 kallsyms 中的值(kallsyms 中显示会全部为 0)

主要影响的是查看与 moudle 相关的调试信息,也就是在 /sys/moudle/core/section 查看地址会受到限制

还有就是会造成无法直接通过 /proc/kallsyms 来进行 leak kernel 基址

所以直接设置了 root 权限,方便本地调试,root 可以直接查看地址

改动如下

启动脚本

我把下面这条注释了,不然调试一段时间会自动退出

编译的话,先要装个工具链

https://releases.linaro.org/components/toolchain/binaries/latest-7/aarch64-linux-gnu/

这个网站下载压缩包即可

交叉编译 aarch64

或者是直接装交叉编译环境

利用思路:

根据 aarch64 的特点,我们需要控制 x30(返回地址),x0(第一个参数),然后 ret 即可,ret 不会改变 sp,这跟 x86 也是不一样的

我用到的三个 gadgets

因为 x0 寄存器用作第一个参数,所以找了个有 MOV W0, #0 的 gadgets,w0 只是 X0的 低三十二位,因为高三十二位本来就是 0

然后 commit_credsprepare_kernel_cred 的地址都加了四,为了跳过 stp 指令对 x30 寄存器的修改,也就是下面这条

这样才方便我们伪造 x30 方便后续 rop 的利用

构造 rop 的时候,要注意 sp 的变化,建议是多写一些 0xaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa 这样的数据进去,方便调试,调试完再做替换即可,还有就是可以直接写 0xaaaaaaaa...0xbbbbbb...,这样的东西,写多一些,然后看错误回显,看看执行了哪个地址,比如错误回显提示 call:0xaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa,那就可以将 0xaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa 替换为我们要执行的地址,这样很快很方便

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
# 查程序基址 各个节
grep demo /proc/modules
grep "0x" /sys/module/demo/sections/.*
 
# 查 vmlinux 符号
grep prepare_kernel_cred  /proc/kallsyms
grep commit_creds  /proc/kallsyms
grep _text /proc/kallsyms # vmlinux 内核基址
# 查程序基址 各个节
grep demo /proc/modules
grep "0x" /sys/module/demo/sections/.*
 
# 查 vmlinux 符号
grep prepare_kernel_cred  /proc/kallsyms
grep commit_creds  /proc/kallsyms
grep _text /proc/kallsyms # vmlinux 内核基址
 
[sp, #0x10]      // 从 sp+0x10 的地方取值
[sp, #0x10]!     // 从 sp+0x10 的地方取值,取完值后 sp+0x10
[sp], #0x10      // 从 sp 的地方取值,取完值后 sp+0x10
[sp, #0x10]      // 从 sp+0x10 的地方取值
[sp, #0x10]!     // 从 sp+0x10 的地方取值,取完值后 sp+0x10
[sp], #0x10      // 从 sp 的地方取值,取完值后 sp+0x10
 
 
 
pwndbg> i reg
x0             0x0                 0
x1             0x0                 0
x2             0x8                 8
x3             0x20                32
x4             0xffffffffffffffe0  -32
x5             0x40                64
x6             0x3f                63
x7             0x0                 0
x8             0xffff000002eaebe8  -281474927760408
x9             0x0                 0
x10            0x0                 0
x11            0x0                 0
x12            0x438614            4425236
x13            0x60001000          1610616832
x14            0x1200011           18874385
x15            0xdc                220
x16            0x0                 0
x17            0x0                 0
x18            0xcfab              53163
x19            0xffff000002ead100  -281474927767296
x20            0xffff80000a2b3da0  -140737317749344
x21            0x1200000           18874368
x22            0x0                 0
x23            0xffff80000a2b8000  -140737317732352
x24            0xffff80000a2bbeb0  -140737317716304
x25            0x0                 0
x26            0xffff000002eae480  -281474927762304
x27            0xffff80000a0417e0  -140737320314912
x28            0xffff000002eade80  -281474927763840
x29            0xffff80000a2b3bc0  -140737317749824
x30            0xffff800008016950  -140737354045104
sp             0xffff80000a2b3bc0  0xffff80000a2b3bc0
pc             0xffff800008016958  0xffff800008016958
cpsr           0x5                 5
fpsr           0x0                 0
fpcr           0x0                 0
MVFR6_EL1_RESERVED 0x0             0
MVFR7_EL1_RESERVED 0x0             0
MAIR_EL3       0x0                 0
ID_AA64PFR1_EL1 0x1                1
ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_RESERVED 0x0       0
ID_AA64PFR3_EL1_RESERVED 0x0       0
SCTLR          0x200002034f4d91d   144115326403270941
ID_AA64ZFR0_EL1 0x0                0
CNTKCTL        0xc6                198
DACR32_EL2     0x0                 0
ID_AA64PFR5_EL1_RESERVED 0x0       0
ACTLR_EL1      0x0                 0
CPACR          0x300000            3145728
ID_AA64PFR6_EL1_RESERVED 0x0       0
FPEXC32_EL2    0x0                 0
ID_AA64PFR7_EL1_RESERVED 0x0       0
ID_AA64DFR0_EL1 0x10305106         271601926
ID_AA64DFR1_EL1 0x0                0
ID_AA64DFR2_EL1_RESERVED 0x0       0
ID_AA64DFR3_EL1_RESERVED 0x0       0
ID_AA64AFR0_EL1 0x0                0
ID_AA64AFR1_EL1 0x0                0
ID_AA64AFR2_EL1_RESERVED 0x0       0
CNTFRQ_EL0     0x3b9aca0           62500000
ID_AA64AFR3_EL1_RESERVED 0x0       0
SPSR_EL1       0x60001000          1610616832
ID_AA64ISAR0_EL1 0x1021111110212120 1162228943821021472
DBGBVR         0x0                 0
ELR_EL1        0x438614            4425236
ID_AA64ISAR1_EL1 0x11101011010     1172542918672
PMEVTYPER0_EL0 0x0                 0
DBGBCR         0x0                 0
ID_AA64ISAR2_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
PMEVTYPER1_EL0 0x0                 0
DBGWVR         0x0                 0
ID_AA64ISAR3_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
ZCR_EL1        0x0                 0
DBGWCR         0x0                 0
RVBAR_EL1      0x0                 0
ID_AA64ISAR4_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
PMEVTYPER2_EL0 0x0                 0
PMEVTYPER3_EL0 0x0                 0
MDCCSR_EL0     0x1000              4096
ID_AA64ISAR5_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
ID_AA64ISAR6_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
ID_AA64ISAR7_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
SP_EL0         0xffff000002ead100  -281474927767296
ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1 0x1124            4388
DBGBVR         0x0                 0
ID_AA64MMFR1_EL1 0x11000           69632
DBGBCR         0x0                 0
ID_AA64MMFR2_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
PMINTENSET_EL1 0x0                 0
DBGWVR         0x0                 0
ID_AA64MMFR3_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
PMINTENCLR_EL1 0x0                 0
DBGWCR         0x0                 0
ID_AA64MMFR4_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
PMCNTENSET_EL0 0x0                 0
ACTLR_EL2      0x0                 0
PMCR_EL0       0x2000              8192
ID_AA64MMFR5_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
PMCNTENCLR_EL0 0x0                 0
VBAR           0xffff800008010800  -140737354070016
ID_AA64MMFR6_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
PMOVSCLR_EL0   0x0                 0
MDSCR_EL1      0x1000              4096
ID_AA64MMFR7_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
CNTP_CTL_EL0   0x0                 0
PMSELR_EL0     0x0                 0
CNTP_CVAL_EL0  0x0                 0
DBGBVR         0x0                 0
DBGBCR         0x0                 0
PMCEID1_EL0    0x0                 0
PMCEID0_EL0    0x20001             131073
DBGWVR         0x0                 0
PMCCNTR_EL0    0x0                 0
DBGWCR         0x0                 0
L2ACTLR        0x0                 0
TTBR0_EL1      0x42eca000          1122803712
TTBR1_EL1      0x280000418b0000    11259000168054784
CNTV_CTL_EL0   0x1                 1
TCR_EL1        0x400034b5503510    18014624889713936
DBGBVR         0x0                 0
DBGBCR         0x0                 0
ACTLR_EL3      0x0                 0
CNTV_CVAL_EL0  0x2aff26ff          721364735
DBGWVR         0x0                 0
ZCR_EL2        0x0                 0
PMUSERENR_EL0  0x0                 0
DBGWCR         0x0                 0
PMOVSSET_EL0   0x0                 0
APIAKEYLO_EL1  0x0                 0
APIAKEYHI_EL1  0x0                 0
SP_EL1         0xffff80000a2b4000  -140737317748736
MDRAR_EL1      0x0                 0
APIBKEYLO_EL1  0x0                 0
PMCCFILTR_EL0  0x0                 0
DBGBVR         0x0                 0
APIBKEYHI_EL1  0x0                 0
DBGBCR         0x0                 0
CPUACTLR_EL1   0x0                 0
CPUECTLR_EL1   0x0                 0
CONTEXTIDR_EL1 0x0                 0
APDAKEYLO_EL1  0x0                 0
APDAKEYHI_EL1  0x0                 0
CNTPS_CTL_EL1  0x0                 0
CPUMERRSR_EL1  0x0                 0
CNTPS_CVAL_EL1 0x0                 0
L2MERRSR_EL1   0x0                 0
DBGBVR         0x0                 0
APDBKEYLO_EL1  0x0                 0
MAIR_EL1       0x40044ffff         17184391167
APDBKEYHI_EL1  0x0                 0
DBGBCR         0x0                 0
TPIDR_EL1      0xffff80000673f000  -140737380093952
AFSR0_EL1      0x0                 0
OSLSR_EL1      0x8                 8
AFSR1_EL1      0x0                 0
PAR_EL1        0x0                 0
CBAR_EL1       0x8000000           134217728
APGAKEYLO_EL1  0x0                 0
APGAKEYHI_EL1  0x0                 0
SPSR_IRQ       0x0                 0
MDCR_EL3       0x0                 0
SPSR_ABT       0x0                 0
AMAIR0         0x0                 0
FPCR           0x0                 0
SPSR_UND       0x0                 0
SPSR_FIQ       0x0                 0
FPSR           0x0                 0
ESR_EL1        0x56000000          1442840576
CLIDR          0xa200023           169869347
REVIDR_EL1     0x0                 0
ID_PFR0        0x131               305
ID_DFR0        0x3010066           50397286
ID_AFR0        0x0                 0
ID_MMFR0       0x10101105          269488389
CSSELR         0x0                 0
LORSA_EL1      0x0                 0
ID_MMFR1       0x40000000          1073741824
AIDR           0x0                 0
TPIDR_EL0      0x11439700          289642240
LOREA_EL1      0x0                 0
ID_MMFR2       0x1260000           19267584
TPIDRRO_EL0    0x0                 0
LORN_EL1       0x0                 0
ID_MMFR3       0x2102211           34611729
IFSR32_EL2     0x0                 0
LORC_EL1       0x0                 0
ID_ISAR0       0x2101110           34607376
ID_ISAR1       0x13112111          319889681
PMEVCNTR0_EL0  0x0                 0
ID_ISAR2       0x21232042          555950146
PMEVCNTR1_EL0  0x0                 0
ID_ISAR3       0x1112131           17899825
CTR_EL0        0x8444c004          2219098116
LORID_EL1      0x0                 0
PMEVCNTR2_EL0  0x0                 0
ID_ISAR4       0x11142             69954
PMEVCNTR3_EL0  0x0                 0
ID_ISAR5       0x11011121          285282593
ID_MMFR4       0x0                 0
ID_ISAR6       0x11111             69905
L2CTLR_EL1     0x0                 0
MVFR0_EL1      0x10110222          269550114
L2ECTLR_EL1    0x0                 0
FAR_EL1        0xffffce1148b0      281474138982576
MVFR1_EL1      0x12111111          303108369
MVFR2_EL1      0x43                67
MVFR3_EL1_RESERVED 0x0             0
MVFR4_EL1_RESERVED 0x0             0
MVFR5_EL1_RESERVED 0x0             0
pwndbg> i reg
x0             0x0                 0
x1             0x0                 0
x2             0x8                 8
x3             0x20                32
x4             0xffffffffffffffe0  -32
x5             0x40                64
x6             0x3f                63
x7             0x0                 0
x8             0xffff000002eaebe8  -281474927760408
x9             0x0                 0
x10            0x0                 0
x11            0x0                 0
x12            0x438614            4425236
x13            0x60001000          1610616832
x14            0x1200011           18874385
x15            0xdc                220
x16            0x0                 0
x17            0x0                 0
x18            0xcfab              53163
x19            0xffff000002ead100  -281474927767296
x20            0xffff80000a2b3da0  -140737317749344
x21            0x1200000           18874368
x22            0x0                 0
x23            0xffff80000a2b8000  -140737317732352
x24            0xffff80000a2bbeb0  -140737317716304
x25            0x0                 0
x26            0xffff000002eae480  -281474927762304
x27            0xffff80000a0417e0  -140737320314912
x28            0xffff000002eade80  -281474927763840
x29            0xffff80000a2b3bc0  -140737317749824
x30            0xffff800008016950  -140737354045104
sp             0xffff80000a2b3bc0  0xffff80000a2b3bc0
pc             0xffff800008016958  0xffff800008016958
cpsr           0x5                 5
fpsr           0x0                 0
fpcr           0x0                 0
MVFR6_EL1_RESERVED 0x0             0
MVFR7_EL1_RESERVED 0x0             0
MAIR_EL3       0x0                 0
ID_AA64PFR1_EL1 0x1                1
ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_RESERVED 0x0       0
ID_AA64PFR3_EL1_RESERVED 0x0       0
SCTLR          0x200002034f4d91d   144115326403270941
ID_AA64ZFR0_EL1 0x0                0
CNTKCTL        0xc6                198
DACR32_EL2     0x0                 0
ID_AA64PFR5_EL1_RESERVED 0x0       0
ACTLR_EL1      0x0                 0
CPACR          0x300000            3145728
ID_AA64PFR6_EL1_RESERVED 0x0       0
FPEXC32_EL2    0x0                 0
ID_AA64PFR7_EL1_RESERVED 0x0       0
ID_AA64DFR0_EL1 0x10305106         271601926
ID_AA64DFR1_EL1 0x0                0
ID_AA64DFR2_EL1_RESERVED 0x0       0
ID_AA64DFR3_EL1_RESERVED 0x0       0
ID_AA64AFR0_EL1 0x0                0
ID_AA64AFR1_EL1 0x0                0
ID_AA64AFR2_EL1_RESERVED 0x0       0
CNTFRQ_EL0     0x3b9aca0           62500000
ID_AA64AFR3_EL1_RESERVED 0x0       0
SPSR_EL1       0x60001000          1610616832
ID_AA64ISAR0_EL1 0x1021111110212120 1162228943821021472
DBGBVR         0x0                 0
ELR_EL1        0x438614            4425236
ID_AA64ISAR1_EL1 0x11101011010     1172542918672
PMEVTYPER0_EL0 0x0                 0
DBGBCR         0x0                 0
ID_AA64ISAR2_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
PMEVTYPER1_EL0 0x0                 0
DBGWVR         0x0                 0
ID_AA64ISAR3_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
ZCR_EL1        0x0                 0
DBGWCR         0x0                 0
RVBAR_EL1      0x0                 0
ID_AA64ISAR4_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
PMEVTYPER2_EL0 0x0                 0
PMEVTYPER3_EL0 0x0                 0
MDCCSR_EL0     0x1000              4096
ID_AA64ISAR5_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
ID_AA64ISAR6_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
ID_AA64ISAR7_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
SP_EL0         0xffff000002ead100  -281474927767296
ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1 0x1124            4388
DBGBVR         0x0                 0
ID_AA64MMFR1_EL1 0x11000           69632
DBGBCR         0x0                 0
ID_AA64MMFR2_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
PMINTENSET_EL1 0x0                 0
DBGWVR         0x0                 0
ID_AA64MMFR3_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
PMINTENCLR_EL1 0x0                 0
DBGWCR         0x0                 0
ID_AA64MMFR4_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
PMCNTENSET_EL0 0x0                 0
ACTLR_EL2      0x0                 0
PMCR_EL0       0x2000              8192
ID_AA64MMFR5_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
PMCNTENCLR_EL0 0x0                 0
VBAR           0xffff800008010800  -140737354070016
ID_AA64MMFR6_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
PMOVSCLR_EL0   0x0                 0
MDSCR_EL1      0x1000              4096
ID_AA64MMFR7_EL1_RESERVED 0x0      0
CNTP_CTL_EL0   0x0                 0
PMSELR_EL0     0x0                 0
CNTP_CVAL_EL0  0x0                 0
DBGBVR         0x0                 0
DBGBCR         0x0                 0
PMCEID1_EL0    0x0                 0
PMCEID0_EL0    0x20001             131073
DBGWVR         0x0                 0
PMCCNTR_EL0    0x0                 0
DBGWCR         0x0                 0
L2ACTLR        0x0                 0
TTBR0_EL1      0x42eca000          1122803712
TTBR1_EL1      0x280000418b0000    11259000168054784
CNTV_CTL_EL0   0x1                 1
TCR_EL1        0x400034b5503510    18014624889713936
DBGBVR         0x0                 0
DBGBCR         0x0                 0
ACTLR_EL3      0x0                 0
CNTV_CVAL_EL0  0x2aff26ff          721364735
DBGWVR         0x0                 0
ZCR_EL2        0x0                 0
PMUSERENR_EL0  0x0                 0
DBGWCR         0x0                 0
PMOVSSET_EL0   0x0                 0
APIAKEYLO_EL1  0x0                 0
APIAKEYHI_EL1  0x0                 0
SP_EL1         0xffff80000a2b4000  -140737317748736
MDRAR_EL1      0x0                 0
APIBKEYLO_EL1  0x0                 0
PMCCFILTR_EL0  0x0                 0
DBGBVR         0x0                 0
APIBKEYHI_EL1  0x0                 0
DBGBCR         0x0                 0
CPUACTLR_EL1   0x0                 0
CPUECTLR_EL1   0x0                 0
CONTEXTIDR_EL1 0x0                 0
APDAKEYLO_EL1  0x0                 0
APDAKEYHI_EL1  0x0                 0
CNTPS_CTL_EL1  0x0                 0
CPUMERRSR_EL1  0x0                 0
CNTPS_CVAL_EL1 0x0                 0
L2MERRSR_EL1   0x0                 0
DBGBVR         0x0                 0
APDBKEYLO_EL1  0x0                 0
MAIR_EL1       0x40044ffff         17184391167
APDBKEYHI_EL1  0x0                 0
DBGBCR         0x0                 0
TPIDR_EL1      0xffff80000673f000  -140737380093952
AFSR0_EL1      0x0                 0
OSLSR_EL1      0x8                 8
AFSR1_EL1      0x0                 0
PAR_EL1        0x0                 0
CBAR_EL1       0x8000000           134217728
APGAKEYLO_EL1  0x0                 0
APGAKEYHI_EL1  0x0                 0
SPSR_IRQ       0x0                 0
MDCR_EL3       0x0                 0
SPSR_ABT       0x0                 0
AMAIR0         0x0                 0
FPCR           0x0                 0
SPSR_UND       0x0                 0
SPSR_FIQ       0x0                 0
FPSR           0x0                 0
ESR_EL1        0x56000000          1442840576
CLIDR          0xa200023           169869347
REVIDR_EL1     0x0                 0
ID_PFR0        0x131               305
ID_DFR0        0x3010066           50397286
ID_AFR0        0x0                 0
ID_MMFR0       0x10101105          269488389
CSSELR         0x0                 0
LORSA_EL1      0x0                 0
ID_MMFR1       0x40000000          1073741824
AIDR           0x0                 0
TPIDR_EL0      0x11439700          289642240
LOREA_EL1      0x0                 0
ID_MMFR2       0x1260000           19267584
TPIDRRO_EL0    0x0                 0
LORN_EL1       0x0                 0
ID_MMFR3       0x2102211           34611729
IFSR32_EL2     0x0                 0
LORC_EL1       0x0                 0
ID_ISAR0       0x2101110           34607376
ID_ISAR1       0x13112111          319889681
PMEVCNTR0_EL0  0x0                 0
ID_ISAR2       0x21232042          555950146
PMEVCNTR1_EL0  0x0                 0
ID_ISAR3       0x1112131           17899825
CTR_EL0        0x8444c004          2219098116
LORID_EL1      0x0                 0
PMEVCNTR2_EL0  0x0                 0
ID_ISAR4       0x11142             69954
PMEVCNTR3_EL0  0x0                 0
ID_ISAR5       0x11011121          285282593

[招生]科锐逆向工程师培训(2024年11月15日实地,远程教学同时开班, 第51期)

最后于 2022-5-19 21:05 被gxh1911编辑 ,原因: 写错了
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cooooooool!大佬牛逼!(●'◡'●)
2022-4-21 11:14
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cooooooool!大佬牛逼!(●'◡'●)
2022-4-26 15:13
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gxh 都会 Arm kernel 了呜呜呜
2022-4-26 15:19
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太强了
2022-4-26 18:08
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ScUpax0s 太强了
呜呜呜 才刚入门
2022-4-26 19:29
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0xRGz gxh 都会 Arm kernel 了呜呜呜
呜呜呜 别骂了 zgr
2022-4-26 19:29
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tql
2022-5-14 23:46
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