一些说明：
安卓资源文件头，每一个都是按照这种格式定义的。
uint16_t，表示是16位即两个字节。
uint32_t,表示是32位即4个字节。
我觉得翻译多来，不如读原文。后面会有列子解析。
axmlprinter是根据这个格式进行编写的，不是很全面。
例子：
  1.对于给的这个test.xml文件，这是一个AndroidManifest.xml文件，
    对照ResChunk_header结构。前8个字节依次是 03 00 08 00 ,18 06 00 00
    类型为0003，为RES_XML_TYPE，该块长度为0008个字节，该快所拥有的整体字节，
    00 00 06 18，对比该test.xml文件，恰好。
  2.往下看，01 00 1C 00 , 14 03 00 00,1c 00 00 00，00 00 00 00，
            00 00 00 00,  8C 00 00 00, 00 00 00 00 为第2个块，
    类型为1， RES_STRING_POOL_TYPE，是一个字符串池。对比ResStringPool_header结构体，
    该结构体大小正好为28个字节。
        1c即描述该块的大小字节数为
    28个字节，整体块大小为0314。1c为字符串的个数。
    下面是style的个数，为0，flag标志为为0,8C为字符串开始偏移位置，后面那个四个字节为style的偏移
     也是0
  3.其他的结构体，分析类似。
  4.根据后面的分析，可以建立好资源映射等。读者可自己分析，以加强印象。
  5.该文件在Android的源代码中。位置在4.4版本中是
        frameworks/base/include/androidfw/ResourceTypes.h
  6.那个text.xml.txt把后缀名字修改一下，就是一个AndroidManifest.xml文件了。是，资源格式的。

/** ********************************************************************
*  Base Types
*
*  These are standard types that are shared between multiple specific
*  resource types.
*
*********************************************************************** */

/**
* Header that appears at the front of every data chunk in a resource.
*/
struct ResChunk_header
{
    // Type identifier for this chunk.  The meaning of this value depends
    // on the containing chunk.
    uint16_t type;

    // Size of the chunk header (in bytes).  Adding this value to
    // the address of the chunk allows you to find its associated data
    // (if any).
    uint16_t headerSize;

    // Total size of this chunk (in bytes).  This is the chunkSize plus
    // the size of any data associated with the chunk.  Adding this value
    // to the chunk allows you to completely skip its contents (including
    // any child chunks).  If this value is the same as chunkSize, there is
    // no data associated with the chunk.
    uint32_t size;
};

enum {
    RES_NULL_TYPE               = 0x0000,
    RES_STRING_POOL_TYPE        = 0x0001,
    RES_TABLE_TYPE              = 0x0002,
    RES_XML_TYPE                = 0x0003,

    // Chunk types in RES_XML_TYPE
    RES_XML_FIRST_CHUNK_TYPE    = 0x0100,
    RES_XML_START_NAMESPACE_TYPE= 0x0100,
    RES_XML_END_NAMESPACE_TYPE  = 0x0101,
    RES_XML_START_ELEMENT_TYPE  = 0x0102,
    RES_XML_END_ELEMENT_TYPE    = 0x0103,
    RES_XML_CDATA_TYPE          = 0x0104,
    RES_XML_LAST_CHUNK_TYPE     = 0x017f,
    // This contains a uint32_t array mapping strings in the string
    // pool back to resource identifiers.  It is optional.
    RES_XML_RESOURCE_MAP_TYPE   = 0x0180,

    // Chunk types in RES_TABLE_TYPE
    RES_TABLE_PACKAGE_TYPE      = 0x0200,
    RES_TABLE_TYPE_TYPE         = 0x0201,
    RES_TABLE_TYPE_SPEC_TYPE    = 0x0202
};

/**
* Representation of a value in a resource, supplying type
* information.
*/
struct Res_value
{
    // Number of bytes in this structure.
    uint16_t size;

    // Always set to 0.
    uint8_t res0;
        
    // Type of the data value.
    enum {
        // Contains no data.
        TYPE_NULL = 0x00,
        // The 'data' holds a ResTable_ref, a reference to another resource
        // table entry.
        TYPE_REFERENCE = 0x01,
        // The 'data' holds an attribute resource identifier.
        TYPE_ATTRIBUTE = 0x02,
        // The 'data' holds an index into the containing resource table's
        // global value string pool.
        TYPE_STRING = 0x03,
        // The 'data' holds a single-precision floating point number.
        TYPE_FLOAT = 0x04,
        // The 'data' holds a complex number encoding a dimension value,
        // such as "100in".
        TYPE_DIMENSION = 0x05,
        // The 'data' holds a complex number encoding a fraction of a
        // container.
        TYPE_FRACTION = 0x06,

        // Beginning of integer flavors...
        TYPE_FIRST_INT = 0x10,

        // The 'data' is a raw integer value of the form n..n.
        TYPE_INT_DEC = 0x10,
        // The 'data' is a raw integer value of the form 0xn..n.
        TYPE_INT_HEX = 0x11,
        // The 'data' is either 0 or 1, for input "false" or "true" respectively.
        TYPE_INT_BOOLEAN = 0x12,

        // Beginning of color integer flavors...
        TYPE_FIRST_COLOR_INT = 0x1c,

        // The 'data' is a raw integer value of the form #aarrggbb.
        TYPE_INT_COLOR_ARGB8 = 0x1c,
        // The 'data' is a raw integer value of the form #rrggbb.
        TYPE_INT_COLOR_RGB8 = 0x1d,
        // The 'data' is a raw integer value of the form #argb.
        TYPE_INT_COLOR_ARGB4 = 0x1e,
        // The 'data' is a raw integer value of the form #rgb.
        TYPE_INT_COLOR_RGB4 = 0x1f,

        // ...end of integer flavors.
        TYPE_LAST_COLOR_INT = 0x1f,

        // ...end of integer flavors.
        TYPE_LAST_INT = 0x1f
    };
    uint8_t dataType;

    // Structure of complex data values (TYPE_UNIT and TYPE_FRACTION)
    enum {
        // Where the unit type information is.  This gives us 16 possible
        // types, as defined below.
        COMPLEX_UNIT_SHIFT = 0,
        COMPLEX_UNIT_MASK = 0xf,

        // TYPE_DIMENSION: Value is raw pixels.
        COMPLEX_UNIT_PX = 0,
        // TYPE_DIMENSION: Value is Device Independent Pixels.
        COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP = 1,
        // TYPE_DIMENSION: Value is a Scaled device independent Pixels.
        COMPLEX_UNIT_SP = 2,
        // TYPE_DIMENSION: Value is in points.
        COMPLEX_UNIT_PT = 3,
        // TYPE_DIMENSION: Value is in inches.
        COMPLEX_UNIT_IN = 4,
        // TYPE_DIMENSION: Value is in millimeters.
        COMPLEX_UNIT_MM = 5,

        // TYPE_FRACTION: A basic fraction of the overall size.
        COMPLEX_UNIT_FRACTION = 0,
        // TYPE_FRACTION: A fraction of the parent size.
        COMPLEX_UNIT_FRACTION_PARENT = 1,

        // Where the radix information is, telling where the decimal place
        // appears in the mantissa.  This give us 4 possible fixed point
        // representations as defined below.
        COMPLEX_RADIX_SHIFT = 4,
        COMPLEX_RADIX_MASK = 0x3,

        // The mantissa is an integral number -- i.e., 0xnnnnnn.0
        COMPLEX_RADIX_23p0 = 0,
        // The mantissa magnitude is 16 bits -- i.e, 0xnnnn.nn
        COMPLEX_RADIX_16p7 = 1,
        // The mantissa magnitude is 8 bits -- i.e, 0xnn.nnnn
        COMPLEX_RADIX_8p15 = 2,
        // The mantissa magnitude is 0 bits -- i.e, 0x0.nnnnnn
        COMPLEX_RADIX_0p23 = 3,

        // Where the actual value is.  This gives us 23 bits of
        // precision.  The top bit is the sign.
        COMPLEX_MANTISSA_SHIFT = 8,
        COMPLEX_MANTISSA_MASK = 0xffffff
    };

    // The data for this item, as interpreted according to dataType.
    uint32_t data;

    void copyFrom_dtoh(const Res_value& src);
};

/**
*  This is a reference to a unique entry (a ResTable_entry structure)
*  in a resource table.  The value is structured as: 0xpptteeee,
*  where pp is the package index, tt is the type index in that
*  package, and eeee is the entry index in that type.  The package
*  and type values start at 1 for the first item, to help catch cases
*  where they have not been supplied.
*/
struct ResTable_ref
{
    uint32_t ident;
};

/**
* Reference to a string in a string pool.
*/
struct ResStringPool_ref
{
    // Index into the string pool table (uint32_t-offset from the indices
    // immediately after ResStringPool_header) at which to find the location
    // of the string data in the pool.
    uint32_t index;
};

/** ********************************************************************
*  String Pool
*
*  A set of strings that can be references by others through a
*  ResStringPool_ref.
*
*********************************************************************** */

/**
* Definition for a pool of strings.  The data of this chunk is an
* array of uint32_t providing indices into the pool, relative to
* stringsStart.  At stringsStart are all of the UTF-16 strings
* concatenated together; each starts with a uint16_t of the string's
* length and each ends with a 0x0000 terminator.  If a string is >
* 32767 characters, the high bit of the length is set meaning to take
* those 15 bits as a high word and it will be followed by another
* uint16_t containing the low word.
*
* If styleCount is not zero, then immediately following the array of
* uint32_t indices into the string table is another array of indices
* into a style table starting at stylesStart.  Each entry in the
* style table is an array of ResStringPool_span structures.
*/
struct ResStringPool_header
{
    struct ResChunk_header header;

    // Number of strings in this pool (number of uint32_t indices that follow
    // in the data).
    uint32_t stringCount;

    // Number of style span arrays in the pool (number of uint32_t indices
    // follow the string indices).
    uint32_t styleCount;

    // Flags.
    enum {
        // If set, the string index is sorted by the string values (based
        // on strcmp16()).
        SORTED_FLAG = 1<<0,

        // String pool is encoded in UTF-8
        UTF8_FLAG = 1<<8
    };
    uint32_t flags;

    // Index from header of the string data.
    uint32_t stringsStart;

    // Index from header of the style data.
    uint32_t stylesStart;
};

/**
* This structure defines a span of style information associated with
* a string in the pool.
*/
struct ResStringPool_span
{
    enum {
        END = 0xFFFFFFFF
    };

    // This is the name of the span -- that is, the name of the XML
    // tag that defined it.  The special value END (0xFFFFFFFF) indicates
    // the end of an array of spans.
    ResStringPool_ref name;

    // The range of characters in the string that this span applies to.
    uint32_t firstChar, lastChar;
};

/** ********************************************************************
*  XML Tree
*
*  Binary representation of an XML document.  This is designed to
*  express everything in an XML document, in a form that is much
*  easier to parse on the device.
*
*********************************************************************** */

/**
* XML tree header.  This appears at the front of an XML tree,
* describing its content.  It is followed by a flat array of
* ResXMLTree_node structures; the hierarchy of the XML document
* is described by the occurrance of RES_XML_START_ELEMENT_TYPE
* and corresponding RES_XML_END_ELEMENT_TYPE nodes in the array.
*/
struct ResXMLTree_header
{
    struct ResChunk_header header;
};

/**
* Basic XML tree node.  A single item in the XML document.  Extended info
* about the node can be found after header.headerSize.
*/
struct ResXMLTree_node
{
    struct ResChunk_header header;

    // Line number in original source file at which this element appeared.
    uint32_t lineNumber;

    // Optional XML comment that was associated with this element; -1 if none.
    struct ResStringPool_ref comment;
};

/**
* Extended XML tree node for CDATA tags -- includes the CDATA string.
* Appears header.headerSize bytes after a ResXMLTree_node.
*/
struct ResXMLTree_cdataExt
{
    // The raw CDATA character data.
    struct ResStringPool_ref data;
   
    // The typed value of the character data if this is a CDATA node.
    struct Res_value typedData;
};

/**
* Extended XML tree node for namespace start/end nodes.
* Appears header.headerSize bytes after a ResXMLTree_node.
*/
struct ResXMLTree_namespaceExt
{
    // The prefix of the namespace.
    struct ResStringPool_ref prefix;
   
    // The URI of the namespace.
    struct ResStringPool_ref uri;
};

/**
* Extended XML tree node for element start/end nodes.
* Appears header.headerSize bytes after a ResXMLTree_node.
*/
struct ResXMLTree_endElementExt
{
    // String of the full namespace of this element.
    struct ResStringPool_ref ns;
   
    // String name of this node if it is an ELEMENT; the raw
    // character data if this is a CDATA node.
    struct ResStringPool_ref name;
};

/**
* Extended XML tree node for start tags -- includes attribute
* information.
* Appears header.headerSize bytes after a ResXMLTree_node.
*/
struct ResXMLTree_attrExt
{
    // String of the full namespace of this element.
    struct ResStringPool_ref ns;
   
    // String name of this node if it is an ELEMENT; the raw
    // character data if this is a CDATA node.
    struct ResStringPool_ref name;
   
    // Byte offset from the start of this structure where the attributes start.
    uint16_t attributeStart;
   
    // Size of the ResXMLTree_attribute structures that follow.
    uint16_t attributeSize;
   
    // Number of attributes associated with an ELEMENT.  These are
    // available as an array of ResXMLTree_attribute structures
    // immediately following this node.
    uint16_t attributeCount;
   
    // Index (1-based) of the "id" attribute. 0 if none.
    uint16_t idIndex;
   
    // Index (1-based) of the "class" attribute. 0 if none.
    uint16_t classIndex;
   
    // Index (1-based) of the "style" attribute. 0 if none.
    uint16_t styleIndex;
};

struct ResXMLTree_attribute
{
    // Namespace of this attribute.
    struct ResStringPool_ref ns;
   
    // Name of this attribute.
    struct ResStringPool_ref name;

    // The original raw string value of this attribute.
    struct ResStringPool_ref rawValue;
   
    // Processesd typed value of this attribute.
    struct Res_value typedValue;
};

/** ********************************************************************
*  RESOURCE TABLE
*
*********************************************************************** */

/**
* Header for a resource table.  Its data contains a series of
* additional chunks:
*   * A ResStringPool_header containing all table values.  This string pool
*     contains all of the string values in the entire resource table (not
*     the names of entries or type identifiers however).
*   * One or more ResTable_package chunks.
*
* Specific entries within a resource table can be uniquely identified
* with a single integer as defined by the ResTable_ref structure.
*/
struct ResTable_header
{
    struct ResChunk_header header;

    // The number of ResTable_package structures.
    uint32_t packageCount;
};

/**
* A collection of resource data types within a package.  Followed by
* one or more ResTable_type and ResTable_typeSpec structures containing the
* entry values for each resource type.
*/
struct ResTable_package
{
    struct ResChunk_header header;

    // If this is a base package, its ID.  Package IDs start
    // at 1 (corresponding to the value of the package bits in a
    // resource identifier).  0 means this is not a base package.
    uint32_t id;

    // Actual name of this package, \0-terminated.
    char16_t name[128];

    // Offset to a ResStringPool_header defining the resource
    // type symbol table.  If zero, this package is inheriting from
    // another base package (overriding specific values in it).
    uint32_t typeStrings;

    // Last index into typeStrings that is for public use by others.
    uint32_t lastPublicType;

    // Offset to a ResStringPool_header defining the resource
    // key symbol table.  If zero, this package is inheriting from
    // another base package (overriding specific values in it).
    uint32_t keyStrings;

    // Last index into keyStrings that is for public use by others.
    uint32_t lastPublicKey;
};

/**
* A specification of the resources defined by a particular type.
*
* There should be one of these chunks for each resource type.
*
* This structure is followed by an array of integers providing the set of
* configuration change flags (ResTable_config::CONFIG_*) that have multiple
* resources for that configuration.  In addition, the high bit is set if that
* resource has been made public.
*/
struct ResTable_typeSpec
{
    struct ResChunk_header header;

    // The type identifier this chunk is holding.  Type IDs start
    // at 1 (corresponding to the value of the type bits in a
    // resource identifier).  0 is invalid.
    uint8_t id;
   
    // Must be 0.
    uint8_t res0;
    // Must be 0.
    uint16_t res1;
   
    // Number of uint32_t entry configuration masks that follow.
    uint32_t entryCount;

    enum {
        // Additional flag indicating an entry is public.
        SPEC_PUBLIC = 0x40000000
    };
};

/**
* A collection of resource entries for a particular resource data
* type. Followed by an array of uint32_t defining the resource
* values, corresponding to the array of type strings in the
* ResTable_package::typeStrings string block. Each of these hold an
* index from entriesStart; a value of NO_ENTRY means that entry is
* not defined.
*
* There may be multiple of these chunks for a particular resource type,
* supply different configuration variations for the resource values of
* that type.
*
* It would be nice to have an additional ordered index of entries, so
* we can do a binary search if trying to find a resource by string name.
*/
struct ResTable_type
{
    struct ResChunk_header header;

    enum {
        NO_ENTRY = 0xFFFFFFFF
    };
   
    // The type identifier this chunk is holding.  Type IDs start
    // at 1 (corresponding to the value of the type bits in a
    // resource identifier).  0 is invalid.
    uint8_t id;
   
    // Must be 0.
    uint8_t res0;
    // Must be 0.
    uint16_t res1;
   
    // Number of uint32_t entry indices that follow.
    uint32_t entryCount;

    // Offset from header where ResTable_entry data starts.
    uint32_t entriesStart;
   
    // Configuration this collection of entries is designed for.
    ResTable_config config;
};

/**
* This is the beginning of information about an entry in the resource
* table.  It holds the reference to the name of this entry, and is
* immediately followed by one of:
*   * A Res_value structure, if FLAG_COMPLEX is -not- set.
*   * An array of ResTable_map structures, if FLAG_COMPLEX is set.
*     These supply a set of name/value mappings of data.
*/
struct ResTable_entry
{
    // Number of bytes in this structure.
    uint16_t size;

    enum {
        // If set, this is a complex entry, holding a set of name/value
        // mappings.  It is followed by an array of ResTable_map structures.
        FLAG_COMPLEX = 0x0001,
        // If set, this resource has been declared public, so libraries
        // are allowed to reference it.
        FLAG_PUBLIC = 0x0002
    };
    uint16_t flags;
   
    // Reference into ResTable_package::keyStrings identifying this entry.
    struct ResStringPool_ref key;
};

/**
* Extended form of a ResTable_entry for map entries, defining a parent map
* resource from which to inherit values.
*/
struct ResTable_map_entry : public ResTable_entry
{
    // Resource identifier of the parent mapping, or 0 if there is none.
    ResTable_ref parent;
    // Number of name/value pairs that follow for FLAG_COMPLEX.
    uint32_t count;
};

/**
* A single name/value mapping that is part of a complex resource
* entry.
*/
struct ResTable_map
{
    // The resource identifier defining this mapping's name.  For attribute
    // resources, 'name' can be one of the following special resource types
    // to supply meta-data about the attribute; for all other resource types
    // it must be an attribute resource.
    ResTable_ref name;

    // Special values for 'name' when defining attribute resources.
    enum {
        // This entry holds the attribute's type code.
        ATTR_TYPE = Res_MAKEINTERNAL(0),

        // For integral attributes, this is the minimum value it can hold.
        ATTR_MIN = Res_MAKEINTERNAL(1),

        // For integral attributes, this is the maximum value it can hold.
        ATTR_MAX = Res_MAKEINTERNAL(2),

        // Localization of this resource is can be encouraged or required with
        // an aapt flag if this is set
        ATTR_L10N = Res_MAKEINTERNAL(3),

        // for plural support, see android.content.res.PluralRules#attrForQuantity(int)
        ATTR_OTHER = Res_MAKEINTERNAL(4),
        ATTR_ZERO = Res_MAKEINTERNAL(5),
        ATTR_ONE = Res_MAKEINTERNAL(6),
        ATTR_TWO = Res_MAKEINTERNAL(7),
        ATTR_FEW = Res_MAKEINTERNAL(8),
        ATTR_MANY = Res_MAKEINTERNAL(9)
        
    };

    // Bit mask of allowed types, for use with ATTR_TYPE.
    enum {
        // No type has been defined for this attribute, use generic
        // type handling.  The low 16 bits are for types that can be
        // handled generically; the upper 16 require additional information
        // in the bag so can not be handled generically for TYPE_ANY.
        TYPE_ANY = 0x0000FFFF,

        // Attribute holds a references to another resource.
        TYPE_REFERENCE = 1<<0,

        // Attribute holds a generic string.
        TYPE_STRING = 1<<1,

        // Attribute holds an integer value.  ATTR_MIN and ATTR_MIN can
        // optionally specify a constrained range of possible integer values.
        TYPE_INTEGER = 1<<2,

        // Attribute holds a boolean integer.
        TYPE_BOOLEAN = 1<<3,

        // Attribute holds a color value.
        TYPE_COLOR = 1<<4,

        // Attribute holds a floating point value.
        TYPE_FLOAT = 1<<5,

        // Attribute holds a dimension value, such as "20px".
        TYPE_DIMENSION = 1<<6,

        // Attribute holds a fraction value, such as "20%".
        TYPE_FRACTION = 1<<7,

        // Attribute holds an enumeration.  The enumeration values are
        // supplied as additional entries in the map.
        TYPE_ENUM = 1<<16,

        // Attribute holds a bitmaks of flags.  The flag bit values are
        // supplied as additional entries in the map.
        TYPE_FLAGS = 1<<17
    };

    // Enum of localization modes, for use with ATTR_L10N.
    enum {
        L10N_NOT_REQUIRED = 0,
        L10N_SUGGESTED    = 1
    };
   
    // This mapping's value.
    Res_value value;
};

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