[原创]FortiWeb CVE-2025-64446漏洞分析-IoT安全-看雪安全社区

环境：Based on `7.0.11` & `7.0.12`
# 文件系统

```bash

sudo file -s /dev/sdb*
[sudo] password for user: 
/dev/sdb:  DOS/MBR boot sector; partition 1 : ID=0x83, active, start-CHS (0x0,0,0), end-CHS (0x0,0,0), startsector 12194, 800000 sectors; partition 2 : ID=0x83, start-CHS (0x0,0,0), end-CHS (0x0,0,0), startsector 812194, 800000 sectors; partition 3 : ID=0x83, start-CHS (0x0,0,0), end-CHS (0x0,0,0), startsector 1612194, 200000 sectors; partition 4 : ID=0x83, start-CHS (0x0,0,0), end-CHS (0x0,0,0), startsector 1812194, 65296670 sectors
/dev/sdb1: DOS/MBR boot sector
/dev/sdb2: data
/dev/sdb3: Linux rev 1.0 ext3 filesystem data, UUID=8c4d311d-58e4-475a-bdde-b32da9cf668c (large files)
/dev/sdb4: Linux rev 1.0 ext4 filesystem data, UUID=e2db5aaa-d698-4873-8a98-bbb6e3c5b961, volume name "FWB_LOGDISK" (extents) (64bit) (large files) (huge files)

sudo mount -o ro,loop /dev/sdb1 /mnt
➜ ls /mnt 
backup_config_file  config  extlinux.conf  ldlinux.c32  lib         rootfs.gz      var      vmlinuz.chk
bin                 etc     krootfs.gz     ldlinux.sys  lost+found  rootfs.gz.chk  vmlinuz  vmlinuz.kdump

sudo mount -o ro,loop /dev/sdb4 /mnt                     
➜ ls /mnt
apache_logs      dbg_cli.log         gui_upload            maxminddb          proxyd_statistic.db  upd_dir
api              debug               hasync                messages           redis                upd-log
botd             dlog_indexd         hcdb.dat              ml-backup          Reports_adom         url_record.db
bot_management   dlog_logd           irdb_sig.db           ml-backup-api      scanner_integration  vir
clustering.log   dmesg               known_engines_adom    ml-backup-bot      shell_accessd_log    virext
cmdb             fds-fpm             lib                   mysql              shibboleth           wad
cmdb.log         filebeat            libav.so              mysqld_monitor.sh  sig-func             wassd_debug_log
cmdb_refcnt      filebeat_registry   log_global_manage.db  nic_affinity_log   statistic_adom       wvs
cmdb_refcnt.log  fwlog               logo                  openapi            tmprpts_adom
dbg_acmed.log    garbage_access.log  lost+found            outgoing           update_history.db

xz -d -k -f -c ./rootfs.gz > rootfs.bin
sudo mount -o ro,loop rootfs.bin /mnt
ls /mnt    
bin  data  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  migadmin  mnt  modules  proc  script  share  sys  tmp  usr  var  VERSION
cat /mnt/VERSION                            
7.0.11-B0181

```

***Root Shell***
![](upload/attach/202602/883710_2HHA5ESDP6WYDFZ.png)

```
config system global

set shell-access enable

set shell-username testadmin

set shell-password passforadmin

set shell-timeout 1200 --> The shell-access will be disabled in 1200 minutes.

set shell-history-size 1024 --> Record 1024 operations.

set shell-trusthostv4 0.0.0.0/0 --> Source ip (ipv4) should in the trust-host address.

set shell-trusthostv6 ::/0 --> Source ip (ipv6) should in the trust-host address.

end

```

然后使用这个账号登录即可：
```bash

ssh debug@192.168.139.135
The authenticity of host '192.168.139.135 (192.168.139.135)' can't be established.
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:sOFOLiOCYxDuyr2nRQz/wtps/Q/p/tb2q11TNBJJHqM.
This key is not known by any other names.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.139.135' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.
debug@192.168.139.135's password:
-- WARNING! All configurations should be done through CLI shell.
-- You now have full access.
/# ls
VERSION   data      etc       lib       migadmin  modules   script    sys       usr
bin       dev       home      lib64     mnt       proc      share     tmp       var
/#

```
或者：
![](upload/attach/202602/883710_VHYWAQMPZKF54A6.png)

# 服务
```bash
nmap -Pn -T4 -p- 192.168.139.135                      
Starting Nmap 7.80 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2025-11-20 16:31 HKT
Nmap scan report for 192.168.139.135
Host is up (0.0011s latency).
Not shown: 65528 closed ports
PORT    STATE    SERVICE
8/tcp   filtered unknown
9/tcp   filtered discard
22/tcp  open     ssh
43/tcp  filtered whois
80/tcp  open     http
443/tcp open     https
995/tcp open     pop3s

```

***httpsd***
```bash
/# /bin/httpsd -V
Server version: xxxxxxx/2.4.53 (Unix)
Server built:   Mar 26 2025 18:38:56
Server's Module Magic Number: 20120211:124
Server loaded:  APR 1.5.1, APR-UTIL 1.5.3, PCRE 8.43 2019-02-23
Compiled using: APR 1.4.6, APR-UTIL 1.4.1, PCRE 8.43 2019-02-23
Architecture:   64-bit
Server MPM:     prefork
  threaded:     no
    forked:     yes (variable process count)
Server compiled with....
 -D BIG_SECURITY_HOLE
 -D APR_HAS_SENDFILE
 -D APR_HAS_MMAP
 -D APR_HAVE_IPV6 (IPv4-mapped addresses enabled)
 -D APR_USE_SYSVSEM_SERIALIZE
 -D APR_USE_PTHREAD_SERIALIZE
 -D SINGLE_LISTEN_UNSERIALIZED_ACCEPT
 -D APR_HAS_OTHER_CHILD
 -D AP_HAVE_RELIABLE_PIPED_LOGS
 -D DYNAMIC_MODULE_LIMIT=256
 -D HTTPD_ROOT="/migadmin"
 -D SUEXEC_BIN="/migadmin/bin/suexec"
 -D DEFAULT_PIDLOG="/var/run/httpsd.pid"
 -D DEFAULT_SCOREBOARD="/var/run/apache_runtime_status"
 -D DEFAULT_ERRORLOG="logs/error_log"
 -D AP_TYPES_CONFIG_FILE="conf/mime.types"
 -D SERVER_CONFIG_FILE="conf/httpd.conf"

```

涉及到漏洞的配置文件：
```bash
<Location /api/v2.0/>

SetHandler fwbcgi-handler

</Location>
```
这个模块是httpd的静态模块，也就是编译到二进制文件中了：
![](upload/attach/202602/883710_EWT3WAREWDJT3RP.png)

# CVE-2025-64446

请求路径 **/api/v2.0/../../cgi-bin/fwbcgi** 包含路径遍历序列 ../..，试图从/api/v2.0/向上跳转两级目录，到达/cgi-bin/fwbcgi，Apache 会在处理请求前对路径进行规范化处理，将 /api/v2.0/../../cgi-bin/fwbcgi 规范化为/cgi-bin/fwbcgi。根据配置文件：
```
  <IfModule alias_module>
      ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/migadmin/cgi-bin/"
  </IfModule>

<Directory "/migadmin/cgi-bin">
      Options +ExecCGI
      SetHandler cgi-script
  </Directory>

```

规范化后的路径 /cgi-bin/fwbcgi 会匹配 ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ 规则，该路径会被映射到物理路径 /migadmin/cgi-bin/fwbcgi，该目录启用了 CGI 执行（Options +ExecCGI 和 SetHandler cgi-script）如果 fwbcgi 文件存在且可执行，请求会成功执行：

![](upload/attach/202602/883710_47DZDVHMHEJ2ZMT.png)

![](upload/attach/202602/883710_ZBX6ZKR3XC4CGXB.png)

使用strace观察，两次请求其实都访问到了`fwbcgi`，所以根本没有经过fwbcgi-handler：
```bash
/tmp # strace -ff -e trace=fork,execve -p 26730
strace: Process 26730 attached
strace: Process 26772 attached
[pid 26772] execve("/migadmin/cgi-bin/fwbcgi", ["/cgi-bin/fwbcgi", "/migadmin/cgi-bin/fwbcgi"], 0xe02e08 /* 38 vars */) = 0
[pid 26772] +++ exited with 0 +++
strace: Process 28042 attached
[pid 28042] execve("/migadmin/cgi-bin/fwbcgi", ["/cgi-bin/fwbcgi", "/migadmin/cgi-bin/fwbcgi"], 0xe02e08 /* 38 vars */) = 0
[pid 28042] +++ exited with 0 +++

```

注意在调试http的这种模式的`fork + execve`的cgi调用时，设置gdb：
```gdb
set follow-fork-mode child #跟随子进程
set detach-on-fork off # fork 后不分离
set schedule-multiple on        # 所有进程都运行，这样continue的时候都会运行，面对cgi需要从parent读取数据时很有效
```

在调用`fwbcgi`时环境变量为：
```bash
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────[ STACK ]────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
00:0000│ rsp 0x7ffe239fa9a0 ◂— 2
01:0008│     0x7ffe239fa9a8 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcb3a ◂— '/cgi-bin/fwbcgi'
02:0010│     0x7ffe239fa9b0 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcb4a ◂— '/migadmin/cgi-bin/fwbcgi'
03:0018│     0x7ffe239fa9b8 ◂— 0
04:0020│     0x7ffe239fa9c0 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcb63 ◂— 'no_gzip=1'
05:0028│     0x7ffe239fa9c8 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcb6d ◂— 'HTTPS=on'
06:0030│     0x7ffe239fa9d0 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcb76 ◂— 'HTTP_HOST=192.168.139.147'
07:0038│     0x7ffe239fa9d8 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcb90 ◂— 'HTTP_SEC_CH_UA_PLATFORM="Windows"'
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────[ BACKTRACE ]──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 ► 0   0x7fc42a5a8090 None
   1              0x2 None
   2   0x7ffe239fcb3a None
   3   0x7ffe239fcb4a None
   4              0x0 None
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
pwndbg> stack
00:0000│ rsp 0x7ffe239fa9a0 ◂— 2
01:0008│     0x7ffe239fa9a8 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcb3a ◂— '/cgi-bin/fwbcgi'
02:0010│     0x7ffe239fa9b0 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcb4a ◂— '/migadmin/cgi-bin/fwbcgi'
03:0018│     0x7ffe239fa9b8 ◂— 0
04:0020│     0x7ffe239fa9c0 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcb63 ◂— 'no_gzip=1'
05:0028│     0x7ffe239fa9c8 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcb6d ◂— 'HTTPS=on'
06:0030│     0x7ffe239fa9d0 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcb76 ◂— 'HTTP_HOST=192.168.139.147'
07:0038│     0x7ffe239fa9d8 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcb90 ◂— 'HTTP_SEC_CH_UA_PLATFORM="Windows"'
pwndbg> 
08:0040│  0x7ffe239fa9e0 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcbb2 ◂— 'HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE=zh-CN,zh;q=0.9'
09:0048│  0x7ffe239fa9e8 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcbd6 ◂— 'HTTP_ACCEPT=application/json, text/plain, */*'
0a:0050│  0x7ffe239fa9f0 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcc04 ◂— 'HTTP_SEC_CH_UA="Not_A Brand";v="99", "Chromium";v="142"'
0b:0058│  0x7ffe239fa9f8 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcc3c ◂— 'HTTP_USER_AGENT=Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/142.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
0c:0060│  0x7ffe239faa00 —▸ 0x7ffe239fccbc ◂— 'HTTP_SEC_CH_UA_MOBILE=?0'
0d:0068│  0x7ffe239faa08 —▸ 0x7ffe239fccd5 ◂— 'HTTP_SEC_FETCH_SITE=same-origin'
0e:0070│  0x7ffe239faa10 —▸ 0x7ffe239fccf5 ◂— 'HTTP_SEC_FETCH_MODE=cors'
0f:0078│  0x7ffe239faa18 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcd0e ◂— 'HTTP_SEC_FETCH_DEST=empty'
pwndbg> 
10:0080│  0x7ffe239faa20 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcd28 ◂— 'HTTP_REFERER=https://192.168.139.147/root/system/dashboard/1'
11:0088│  0x7ffe239faa28 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcd65 ◂— 'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING=gzip, deflate, br'
12:0090│  0x7ffe239faa30 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcd8c ◂— 'HTTP_PRIORITY=u=1, i'
13:0098│  0x7ffe239faa38 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcda1 ◂— 'HTTP_CONNECTION=keep-alive'
14:00a0│  0x7ffe239faa40 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcdbc ◂— 'PATH=/bin:/data/bin'
15:00a8│  0x7ffe239faa48 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcdd0 ◂— 'PYTHONHOME=/'
16:00b0│  0x7ffe239faa50 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcddd ◂— 'SERVER_SIGNATURE='
17:00b8│  0x7ffe239faa58 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcdef ◂— 'SERVER_SOFTWARE=xxxxxxx'
pwndbg> 
18:00c0│  0x7ffe239faa60 —▸ 0x7ffe239fce07 ◂— 'SERVER_NAME=192.168.139.147'
19:00c8│  0x7ffe239faa68 —▸ 0x7ffe239fce23 ◂— 'SERVER_ADDR=192.168.139.147'
1a:00d0│  0x7ffe239faa70 —▸ 0x7ffe239fce3f ◂— 'SERVER_PORT=43'
1b:00d8│  0x7ffe239faa78 —▸ 0x7ffe239fce4e ◂— 'REMOTE_ADDR=192.168.139.1'
1c:00e0│  0x7ffe239faa80 —▸ 0x7ffe239fce68 ◂— 'DOCUMENT_ROOT=/migadmin/new_gui'
1d:00e8│  0x7ffe239faa88 —▸ 0x7ffe239fce88 ◂— 'REQUEST_SCHEME=https'
1e:00f0│  0x7ffe239faa90 —▸ 0x7ffe239fce9d ◂— 'CONTEXT_PREFIX=/cgi-bin/'
1f:00f8│  0x7ffe239faa98 —▸ 0x7ffe239fceb6 ◂— 'CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT=/migadmin/cgi-bin/'
pwndbg> 
20:0100│  0x7ffe239faaa0 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcedf ◂— 'SERVER_ADMIN=support@fortinet.com'
21:0108│  0x7ffe239faaa8 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcf01 ◂— 'SCRIPT_FILENAME=/migadmin/cgi-bin/fwbcgi'
22:0110│  0x7ffe239faab0 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcf2a ◂— 'REMOTE_PORT=22761'
23:0118│  0x7ffe239faab8 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcf3c ◂— 'GATEWAY_INTERFACE=CGI/1.1'
24:0120│  0x7ffe239faac0 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcf56 ◂— 'SERVER_PROTOCOL=HTTP/1.1'
25:0128│  0x7ffe239faac8 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcf6f ◂— 'REQUEST_METHOD=GET'
26:0130│  0x7ffe239faad0 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcf82 ◂— 'QUERY_STRING='
27:0138│  0x7ffe239faad8 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcf90 ◂— 'REQUEST_URI=/api/v2.0/cmdb/../../../cgi-bin/fwbcgi'
pwndbg> 
28:0140│  0x7ffe239faae0 —▸ 0x7ffe239fcfc3 ◂— 'SCRIPT_NAME=/cgi-bin/fwbcgi'
```

正常情况下创建一个用户：
```
POST /api/v2.0/cmdb/system/admin HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.139.147
Cookie: APSCOOKIE_VDOM_8672793038565212270=root; APSCOOKIE_FWEB_8672793038565212270=Era=0&Payload=VtyWFEH3vAxtE+LI5DcmIAxsGfMA4P0X7Rz63UyJKtV6qsIIOQIZOjELgcIunzM4%0avPKixbmZ03S1yfyM7UOcyvlJUj2RYzfG7Qzpt9OA2kD6qYDFDcz6WA==%0a&AuthHash=mLVwSfvYUonYIpisPfyjsSVB3nE=%0a
Content-Length: 545
Sec-Ch-Ua-Platform: "Windows"
X-Csrftoken: 1254964471
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9
Sec-Ch-Ua: "Not_A Brand";v="99", "Chromium";v="142"
Sec-Ch-Ua-Mobile: ?0
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/142.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: application/json, text/plain, */*
Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8
Origin: https://192.168.139.147
Sec-Fetch-Site: same-origin
Sec-Fetch-Mode: cors
Sec-Fetch-Dest: empty
Referer: https://192.168.139.147/root/system/admin/
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Priority: u=1, i
Connection: keep-alive

{"data":{"q_type":1,"name":"debug","access-profile":"prof_admin","access-profile_val":"0","trusthostv4":"0.0.0.0/0 ","trusthostv6":"::/0 ","last-name":"","first-name":"","email-address":"","phone-number":"","mobile-number":"","hidden":0,"domains":"root","sz_dashboard":-1,"sz_gui-dashboard":-1,"type":"local-user","type_val":"0","admin-usergrp_val":"0","wildcard_val":"0","accprofile-override_val":"0","sshkey":"","passwd-set-time":0,"history-password-pos":0,"force-password-change":"disable","force-password-change_val":"0","password":"debug"}}

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 25 Nov 2025 04:46:30 GMT
Cache-Control: no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate
Pragma: no-cache
Set-Cookie: APSCOOKIE_FWEB_8672793038565212270=Era=0&Payload=VtyWFEH3vAwIVBRlSIWlSLgisjwtYnjaC+F/srj9cnvHSs/+vrvD4zdVOCiwbEhu%0avlwrzQaeiMokfkrND+jm9hAKU6aFaVUTA+8xQ8/S0gqptU69ZIsPJA==%0a&AuthHash=lgQBD41oFh+IaUBolRxVXGkOjfA=%0a; path=/; secure; HttpOnly; SameSite=Strict
Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
Content-Security-Policy: Script-Src 'self', frame-ancestors 'self'; Object-Src 'self'; base-uri 'self';
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
Content-Length: 1070
Keep-Alive: timeout=5, max=100
Connection: Keep-Alive
Content-Type: application/json

{ "results": { "can_view": 0, "q_ref": 0, "can_clone": 1, "q_type": 1, "name": "debug", "access-profile": "prof_admin", "access-profile_val": "983", "trusthostv4": "0.0.0.0\/0 ", "trusthostv6": "::\/0 ", "last-name": "", "first-name": "", "email-address": "", "phone-number": "", "mobile-number": "", "hidden": 0, "domains": "root ", "sz_dashboard": 8, "sz_gui-dashboard": 7, "type": "local-user", "type_val": "0", "admin-usergrp": "", "admin-usergrp_val": "0", "password": "ENC XXXX", "wildcard": "disable", "wildcard_val": "0", "accprofile-override": "disable", "accprofile-override_val": "0", "sshkey": "", "passwd-set-time": 1764045990, "history-password-pos": 1, "history-password0": "ENC XXXX", "history-password1": "ENC XXXX", "history-password2": "ENC XXXX", "history-password3": "ENC XXXX", "history-password4": "ENC XXXX", "history-password5": "ENC XXXX", "history-password6": "ENC XXXX", "history-password7": "ENC XXXX", "history-password8": "ENC XXXX", "history-password9": "ENC XXXX", "force-password-change": "disable", "force-password-change_val": "0" } }

```

再次审查`/api/v2.0/`回调函数sub_630990：
![](upload/attach/202602/883710_TRPCYTFWBPCVG2N.png)

*在将请求转发到`/cgi-bin/fwbcgi`之前会从cookie中获取操作用户的关键凭证即username、profname、vdom、loginname，转为json并base64编码作为HTTP_CGIINFO头部成员。*

对`ap_internal_redirect`下断点：
```bash
Breakpoint 1, 0x00000000004fa080 in ap_internal_redirect ()
LEGEND: STACK | HEAP | CODE | DATA | WX | RODATA
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────[ REGISTERS / show-flags off / show-compact-regs off ]─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
*RAX  0x1ca82ff ◂— 0x1caa67000
*RBX  0x7fff303801c0 ◂— '{ "username": "admin", "profname": "prof_admin", "vdom": "root", "loginname": "admin", "session_id": "886723341" }'
*RCX  0x13
*RDX  0x1ca92c0 ◂— '/api/v2.0/cmdb/system/admin'
*RDI  0x69490e ◂— '/cgi-bin/fwbcgi'
*RSI  0x1ca7bf0 —▸ 0x1ca7b78 —▸ 0x1c54768 —▸ 0x1c50748 —▸ 0x17db048 ◂— ...
*R8   0x1c82201 ◂— 'Dg2NzIzMzQxIiB9'
*R9   0x7f6a50d1d467 (__memcpy_ssse3+3895) ◂— movaps xmm2, xmmword ptr [rsi - 0x18]
*R10  0x6c4e586469417965 ('eyAidXNl')
*R11  0x6955576268356d63 ('cm5hbWUi')
*R12  0
*R13  0x1974f40 —▸ 0x1c85990 ◂— 0
*R14  0x7fff303802c0 ◂— 'eyAidXNlcm5hbWUiOiAiYWRtaW4iLCAicHJvZm5hbWUiOiAicHJvZl9hZG1pbiIsICJ2ZG9tIjogInJvb3QiLCAibG9naW5uYW1lIjogImFkbWluIiwgInNlc3Npb25faWQiOiAiODg2NzIzMzQxIiB9'
*R15  0x7fff303800c0 ◂— 0x746f6f72 /* 'root' */
*RBP  0x1ca7bf0 —▸ 0x1ca7b78 —▸ 0x1c54768 —▸ 0x1c50748 —▸ 0x17db048 ◂— ...
*RSP  0x7fff3037fbc8 —▸ 0x63169f ◂— jmp 0x630eb7
*RIP  0x4fa080 (ap_internal_redirect) ◂— push rbp：

pwndbg> bt
#0  0x00000000004fa080 in ap_internal_redirect ()
#1  0x000000000063169f in ?? ()
#2  0x000000000044be40 in ap_run_handler ()
#3  0x000000000044c636 in ap_invoke_handler ()
#4  0x00000000004f936b in ap_process_async_request ()
#5  0x00000000004f953e in ap_process_request ()
#6  0x00000000004f1aac in ?? ()
#7  0x0000000000474260 in ap_run_process_connection ()
#8  0x0000000000639769 in ?? ()
#9  0x0000000000639a2f in ?? ()
#10 0x0000000000639c28 in ?? ()
#11 0x000000000063a264 in ?? ()
#12 0x0000000000474bb0 in ap_run_mpm ()
#13 0x0000000000441b3f in main ()
#14 0x00007f6a50c0cd0b in __libc_start_main () from target:/lib64/libc.so.6
#15 0x0000000000441cca in _start ()

```

结合`fwbcgi`鉴权逻辑在`cgi_auth`中其实只是提取`HTTP_CGIINFO`进行校验而没有涉及cookie字段，然后直接调用cgi_process后端具体实现：
![](upload/attach/202602/883710_3S79B7P4KEG6KM5.png)
所以由于配置问题导致关键后端CGI暴露，user可以未授权访问fwbcgi并且伪造CGIINFO绕过鉴权，可以实现相当于授权状态下对各种`/api/v2.0/`开头的API功能访问，其中包括`/api/v2.0/cmdb/system/admin`创建用户。

## Patch
![](upload/attach/202602/883710_QYDH4ATCN2K38J4.png)

```
# 默认拒绝所有文件
  <Files "*">
      Require all denied
  </Files>
# 特定文件的内部访问控制（关键部分）
  <Files "fwbcgi">
      SetEnvIf REDIRECT_STATUS 200 is_internal
	      #- SetEnvIf：根据条件设置环境变量
		  #- REDIRECT_STATUS：Apache 内部重定向时设置的环境变量
		  #- 200：HTTP 状态码 200（成功）
		  #- is_internal：如果 REDIRECT_STATUS 等于 200，则设置环境变量 is_internal
      Require env is_internal
		  #- 要求环境变量 is_internal 必须存在
		  #- 只有内部重定向的请求才能访问
  </Files>

```

登录后可查看完整内容

冰与火的战歌：Windows内核攻防实战高级班！从零到实战，融合AI与Windows内核攻防全技术栈，打造具备自动化能力的内核开发高手。