Ciscn2021和2022都有一道名为Satool的题目,它是LLVM-PASS类Pwn题。
由于高版本glibc的IO题比较模板化,近两年ciscn半决赛对LLVM-PASS等逆向难度较高的题目也都有所涉及。
本科期间在《编译原理》这门课学习过LLVM的一些基础知识,这里系统的总结下LLVM-PASS在二进制安全中的应用。
LLVM是构架编译器(compiler)的框架系统,以C++编写而成,用于优化以任意程序语言编写的程序的编译时间(compile-time)、链接时间(link-time)、运行时间(run-time)以及空闲时间(idle-time),对开发者保持开放,并兼容已有脚本。
简单来说,LLVM是编译器框架,用于优化编写的程序。
LLVM又分为前端和后端:
其中,LLVM-IR有三种形式:
通过下面的命令可以实现不同格式代码互相转换:
PASS是一种结构化技术,通常作用于IR中间代码,通过opt利用写好的so库优化已有的IR中间代码。
其中,opt是LLVM的优化器和分析器,可以加载指定的模块,对LLVM IR或LLVM字节码进行分析和优化。
CTF题目一般会给出opt,通过./opt --version
查看版本,或在README.md文档中告知opt版本。
LLVM核心库中提供了一些可以继承的pass类,可以对IR中间代码遍历实现代码优化、代码插桩等操作。
而LLVM-PASS类的pwn题,就是利用这一过程中可能出现的漏洞。
LLVM PASS
类题目都会给出一个xxx.so
,即自定义的LLVM PASS
模块,漏洞点就自然会出现在其中。
我们可以使用opt -load ./xxx.so -xxx ./exp.{ll/bc}
命令加载模块并启动LLVM
的优化分析(其中-xxx
是xxx.so
中注册的PASS
的名称,README
文档中一般会给出,也可以通过逆向PASS
模块得到)。(注意,新版本需要加-enable-new-pm=0 -f
参数)
需要注意的是,若题目给了opt
文件,就用题目指定的opt
文件启动LLVM
并调试(如命令./opt-8 ...
),直接使用opt-8 ...
命令是用的系统安装的opt
,可能会和题目所给的有不同。
在打远程的时候,与Kernel
和QEMU
逃逸的题类似:将exp.ll
或exp.bc
通过base64
加密传输到远程服务器,远程服务器会解码,并将得到的LLVM IR
传给LLVM
运行。
通过apt安装二进制安全中常用的三个版本clang和llvm:
安装好llvm
后,可在/usr/lib/llvm-xx/bin/opt
路径下找到对应llvm
版本的opt
文件(一般不开PIE
保护)。
官方文档:https://llvm.org/docs/WritingAnLLVMPass.html
这里直接引用Winmt师傅编写的LLVM-Pass Demo和关键语法解释:
通过下面的命令编译为LLVMHello.so模块(llvm安装后的可执行文件在/usr/lib/llvm-xx/bin/目录):
上述代码中的Hello
结构体继承了LLVM
核心库中的FunctionPass
类,并重写了其中的runOnFunction
函数(一般的CTF
题都是如此)。runOnFunction
函数在LLVM
遍历到每一个传入的LLVM IR
中的函数时都会被调用。
下面解释一下上述代码中的一些常用LLVM
语法:
一般来说,CTF题目中的LLVM-Pass也重写FunctionPass类中的runOnFunction函数。
拿到一个so模块,我们首先需要定位runOnFunction函数,漏洞点一般就在其中。
找到.data.rel.ro模块末尾的vtable:
<img src="https://image.xxxb.cn/blog/image-20240610104031503.png" alt="image-20240610104031503" />
最后一项即重写的runOnFunction函数,而PASS注册的名称一般会在README.md文件中给出。
如果没有给出,可以对__cxa_atexit函数交叉引用来定位。
首先用gdb调试opt,并用set args
设置参数传入,然后在main函数下断点后运行。
程序运行后,会先call一些初始化函数:
然后执行真正的代码加载so模块:
此时,so模块被加载到程序中:
opt通过下面这条调用链重写runOnFunction函数:
题目给了opt-8、libc-2.31.so和VMPass.so文件:
显然是LLVM-Pass类题目,并且opt的版本为8,我们将VMPass.so拖入IDA分析:
根据对__cxa_atexit函数交叉引用发现模块名为VMPass。
定位到上图中的runOnFunction函数,首先调用getName获取当前函数名,然后判断函数名是否为o0o0o0o0
。
如果函数名为o0o0o0o0
则调用memcmp(Name, "o0o0o0o0", v5)
,然后根据是否调用memcpy调用sub_6AC0(a1, a2)。
显而易见,关键函数为sub_6AC0(a1, a2),我们需要传入的函数名为o0o0o0o0
。
继续分析sub_6AC0函数:
这段代码遍历所有函数,然后遍历每个函数的块并将每个块作为参数调用sub_6B80函数,继续跟进分析:
对于pop、push、store、load、add、min函数调用会做出不同的处理,以pop为例:
所有的函数第一个参数为int类型,值为1或2,确定操作哪个全局变量。
这两个全局变量1和2中存储地址,因此是二级指针类型的变量。
对于push函数,实现压栈操作,将全局变量i的值压入栈中。
对于pop函数,实现弹栈操作,将栈顶元素弹出到全局变量i中。
对于store函数,实现任意地址写,将全局变量i指向的地址处的值赋值给全局变量k。
对于load函数,实现任意地址读,将全局变量i存储的地址赋值给全局变量k指向的地址处。
对于add函数,实现加法操作。对于min函数,实现减法操作。
可以考虑通过任意地址读泄露got表中函数地址,以此泄露libc基地址。
然后通过add、min函数对其进行修改,再利用任意地址写劫持got表为one_gadget。
exp如下所示:
分析方法同上,找到模块名为SApass。然后找到vtable最后一项函数:
字符串为r0oDkc4B,转为小端序为B4ckDo0r。
根据compare函数,可以大概把程序划分为save、takeaway、stealkey、fakeway函数四个部分。
由于反编译后的代码都很奇怪,需要结合动态调试来分析。
动态调试发现save主要执行这段代码:
即将参数1和参数2分别放入fd、bk中,v32和byte_2040f8是0x20大小chunk的指针。
takeaway函数比较复杂,但是好像没有什么用。
stealkey函数代码比较简单,将0x20大小chunk的值赋值给全局变量。
fakekey函数也比较简单,将全局变量的值加上参数值,然后赋值回到chunk中。
run函数最简单,直接call *chunk。
思路很明显,先通过save函数创建chunk,然后将fd指针的值放到全局变量,加上偏移到one_gadget后写回chunk。
最后调用run函数执行one_gadget。这里的关键是fd位置能否是libc上的值?
经过调试发现,程序初始状态有很多chunk。我们可以申请完tcache后从small bin或unsorted bin中取chunk。
然后绕过第一个memcpy,这样申请到的chunk的fd指针位置就会有残留的libc地址。
完整exp如下所示:
按照之前的方法,发现模块名为ayaka。函数名为gamestart。
这道题比起来Ciscn2021-satool简单多了,因为代码可读性非常高,而且做多了LLVM-PASS发现很多代码语法都是相似的。
fight函数,传入参数index,若weaponList[index] > 5000,scroe = weaponList[index] - 5000,否则失败。
若score > 0x12345678触发后门函数,执行system(cmd)。cmd开始时被初始化为[0x92, 0x68, 0x7B, 0x27, 0x6D, 0x93, 0x68, 0x66]。
merge函数,执行weaponlist[merge_arg1] += weaponlist[merge_arg2]
。
destory函数,执行weaponlist[destory_arg1] = 0
。
upgrade函数,执行256次weaponlist[i] += upgrade_arg1;
。
wuxiangdeyidao函数,执行--boss
和异或操作,其中boss即bss段初始化为5000的全局变量。
zhanjinniuza函数,执行下面的操作:
guobapenhuo函数,执行下面的操作:
tiandongwanxiang函数,执行下面的操作:
若为其它函数,会进入最后一个代码块:
若当前函数第一次调用,会执行map[func_name] = arg加入map成员。
若当前函数不是第一次调用,会执行weaponlist[idx] = map[func_name]。
通过这个函数,我们可以实现任意地址写。更有意思的是:
weaponlist、score和cmd在bss段相邻,而idx是char类型变量,可以让它发生整数溢出。
从而覆盖score指针,让其指向很大的数,并覆盖cmd为sh字符串地址。完整exp如下所示:
这里有个坑调试了1个多小时,map里是按字典序进行排的!
分析发现模块名为mba,并且对函数名没有要求。
核心代码在这个地方,先设置为可读可写,然后设置为可读可执行,最后call调用。
然后分析一下这个handler函数:
先来分析几个程序实现的关键函数,分析一下关键函数writeMovImm64:
this+5应该为当前的指针ptr,这个函数根据在内存中写入48 BB [arg]
或 48 B8 [arg]
,10字节的汇编指令。
经过分析发现对应的汇编代码为:
即writeMovImm64(this, 0, arg)是movaps rax arg。
继续分析writeRet函数,发现是在末尾写ret指令:
继续分析writeInc函数,发现是对rax寄存器进行inc或dec操作:
继续分析writeOpReg函数,发现是进行rax = rax + rbx 或 rax = rax - rbx操作:
了解了所有函数的工作,对整个handler的流程进行分析。
首先,为我们的shellcode汇编代码区域设置了边界,大小为0xFF0。
然后,判断末尾指令第一个操作数是否为常数,若为常数,执行writeMovImm64(this, 0, SExtValue)和writeRet(this)。
接着,判断末尾指令第一个操作数是否为函数参数,若为函数参数,执行writeMovImm64(this, 0, SExtValue)和writeRet(this)。
如果都不是,说明为变量。执行else中的代码,先执行writeMovImm64(this, 0, 0LL)。
然后将操作数压入栈中,找到这个变量对应的指令行,只能为add或sub指令,然后取指令的操作数:
动态调试发现成功写入汇编代码,并且初始值全部为ret:
movabs和add命令共占0xd字节,(0xff0 - 0xa) / 0xd = 313。可以先使用313次填充完0xFF0大小的边界区域。
不过经过动态调试,有315个指令时会溢出几个字节:
如果将最后一条指令的数据部分修改为jmp指令,第二次执行完0xff0大小区域后会ret执行这个数据部分。
然后在之前的部分填充shellcode即可:
需要注意的是shellcode必须分段填充进去,每句指令不能超过6字节,留2个字节jmp到下一个指令:
完整exp如下所示:
winmt师傅:https://bbs.kanxue.com/thread-274259.htm
Ayakaaa师傅:https://bbs.kanxue.com/thread-273119.htm
.c -> .ll:clang -emit-llvm -S a.c -o a.ll
.c -> .
bc
: clang -emit-llvm -c a.c -o a.
bc
.ll -> .
bc
: llvm-as a.ll -o a.
bc
.
bc
-> .ll: llvm-dis a.
bc
-o a.ll
.
bc
-> .s: llc a.
bc
-o a.s
.c -> .ll:clang -emit-llvm -S a.c -o a.ll
.c -> .
bc
: clang -emit-llvm -c a.c -o a.
bc
.ll -> .
bc
: llvm-as a.ll -o a.
bc
.
bc
-> .ll: llvm-dis a.
bc
-o a.ll
.
bc
-> .s: llc a.
bc
-o a.s
sudo
apt
install
clang-8
sudo
apt
install
llvm-8
sudo
apt
install
clang-10
sudo
apt
install
llvm-10
sudo
apt
install
clang-12
sudo
apt
install
llvm-12
sudo
apt
install
clang-8
sudo
apt
install
llvm-8
sudo
apt
install
clang-10
sudo
apt
install
llvm-10
sudo
apt
install
clang-12
sudo
apt
install
llvm-12
#include "llvm/Pass.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Function.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
#include "llvm/IR/BasicBlock.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
#include "llvm/IR/LegacyPassManager.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/IPO/PassManagerBuilder.h"
using
namespace
llvm;
namespace
{
struct
Hello :
public
FunctionPass {
static
char
ID;
Hello() : FunctionPass(ID) {}
bool
runOnFunction(Function &F) override {
errs() <<
"Hello: "
;
errs().write_escaped(F.getName()) <<
'\n'
;
SymbolTableList<BasicBlock>::const_iterator bbEnd = F.end();
for
(SymbolTableList<BasicBlock>::const_iterator bbIter = F.begin(); bbIter != bbEnd; ++bbIter){
SymbolTableList<Instruction>::const_iterator instIter = bbIter->begin();
SymbolTableList<Instruction>::const_iterator instEnd = bbIter->end();
for
(; instIter != instEnd; ++instIter){
errs() <<
"OpcodeName = "
<< instIter->getOpcodeName() <<
" NumOperands = "
<< instIter->getNumOperands() <<
"\n"
;
if
(instIter->getOpcode() == 56)
{
if
(
const
CallInst* call_inst = dyn_cast<CallInst>(instIter)) {
errs() << call_inst->getCalledFunction()->getName() <<
"\n"
;
for
(
int
i = 0; i < instIter->getNumOperands()-1; i++)
{
if
(isa<ConstantInt>(call_inst->getOperand(i)))
{
errs() <<
"Operand "
<< i <<
" = "
<< dyn_cast<ConstantInt>(call_inst->getArgOperand(i))->getZExtValue() <<
"\n"
;
}
}
}
}
}
}
return
false
;
}
};
}
char
Hello::ID = 0;
static
RegisterPass<Hello> X(
"Hello"
,
"Hello World Pass"
);
static
RegisterStandardPasses Y(PassManagerBuilder::EP_EarlyAsPossible,
[](
const
PassManagerBuilder &Builder, legacy::PassManagerBase &PM) {
PM.add(
new
Hello());
});
#include "llvm/Pass.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Function.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
#include "llvm/IR/BasicBlock.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
#include "llvm/IR/LegacyPassManager.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/IPO/PassManagerBuilder.h"
using
namespace
llvm;
namespace
{
struct
Hello :
public
FunctionPass {
static
char
ID;
Hello() : FunctionPass(ID) {}
bool
runOnFunction(Function &F) override {
errs() <<
"Hello: "
;
errs().write_escaped(F.getName()) <<
'\n'
;
SymbolTableList<BasicBlock>::const_iterator bbEnd = F.end();
for
(SymbolTableList<BasicBlock>::const_iterator bbIter = F.begin(); bbIter != bbEnd; ++bbIter){
SymbolTableList<Instruction>::const_iterator instIter = bbIter->begin();
SymbolTableList<Instruction>::const_iterator instEnd = bbIter->end();
for
(; instIter != instEnd; ++instIter){
errs() <<
"OpcodeName = "
<< instIter->getOpcodeName() <<
" NumOperands = "
<< instIter->getNumOperands() <<
"\n"
;
if
(instIter->getOpcode() == 56)
{
if
(
const
CallInst* call_inst = dyn_cast<CallInst>(instIter)) {
errs() << call_inst->getCalledFunction()->getName() <<
"\n"
;
for
(
int
i = 0; i < instIter->getNumOperands()-1; i++)
{
if
(isa<ConstantInt>(call_inst->getOperand(i)))
{
errs() <<
"Operand "
<< i <<
" = "
<< dyn_cast<ConstantInt>(call_inst->getArgOperand(i))->getZExtValue() <<
"\n"
;
}
}
}
}
}
}
return
false
;
}
};
}
char
Hello::ID = 0;
static
RegisterPass<Hello> X(
"Hello"
,
"Hello World Pass"
);
static
RegisterStandardPasses Y(PassManagerBuilder::EP_EarlyAsPossible,
[](
const
PassManagerBuilder &Builder, legacy::PassManagerBase &PM) {
PM.add(
new
Hello());
});
clang-12 `
/usr/lib/llvm-12/bin/llvm-config
--cxxflags` -Wl,-znodelete -fno-rtti -fPIC -shared Hello.cpp -o LLVMHello.so `
/usr/lib/llvm-12/bin/llvm-config
--ldflags`
clang-12 `
/usr/lib/llvm-12/bin/llvm-config
--cxxflags` -Wl,-znodelete -fno-rtti -fPIC -shared Hello.cpp -o LLVMHello.so `
/usr/lib/llvm-12/bin/llvm-config
--ldflags`
run
-
> runOnModule
-
> runOnFunction
run
-
> runOnModule
-
> runOnFunction
if
( !
strcmp
(funcName,
"pop"
) )
{
if
( (unsigned
int
)llvm::CallBase::getNumOperands(callInstruction) == 2 )
{
ArgOperand = llvm::CallBase::getArgOperand(callInstruction, 0);
v32 = 0LL;
v31 = (llvm::ConstantInt *)llvm::dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantInt,llvm::Value>(ArgOperand);
if
( v31 )
{
ZExtValue = llvm::ConstantInt::getZExtValue(v31);
if
( ZExtValue == 1 )
v32 = off_20DFD0;
if
( ZExtValue == 2 )
v32 = off_20DFC0;
}
if
( v32 )
{
v3 = off_20DFD8;
*v32 = *(_QWORD *)*off_20DFD8;
*v3 = (
char
*)*v3 - 8;
}
}
}
if
( !
strcmp
(funcName,
"pop"
) )
{
if
( (unsigned
int
)llvm::CallBase::getNumOperands(callInstruction) == 2 )
{
ArgOperand = llvm::CallBase::getArgOperand(callInstruction, 0);
v32 = 0LL;
v31 = (llvm::ConstantInt *)llvm::dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantInt,llvm::Value>(ArgOperand);
if
( v31 )
{
ZExtValue = llvm::ConstantInt::getZExtValue(v31);
if
( ZExtValue == 1 )
v32 = off_20DFD0;
if
( ZExtValue == 2 )
v32 = off_20DFC0;
}
if
( v32 )
{
v3 = off_20DFD8;
*v32 = *(_QWORD *)*off_20DFD8;
*v3 = (
char
*)*v3 - 8;
}
}
}
void
add(
int
num,
long
long
val);
void
min(
int
num,
long
long
val);
void
load(
int
num);
void
store(
int
num);
void
o0o0o0o0()
{
add(1, 0x77e100);
load(1);
add(2, 0x4942e);
min(1, 0x100);
store(1);
}
void
add(
int
num,
long
long
val);
void
min(
int
num,
long
long
val);
void
load(
int
num);
void
store(
int
num);
void
o0o0o0o0()
{
add(1, 0x77e100);
load(1);
add(2, 0x4942e);
min(1, 0x100);
store(1);
}
v32 =
malloc
(0x18uLL);
v32[2] = byte_2040f8;
byte_2040f8 = v32;
v33 = (
char
*)src;
memcpy
(v32, src, v31);
v34 = v32 + 1;
v35 = (
char
*)v84[0];
memcpy
(v34, v84[0], (
size_t
)v84[1]);
v32 =
malloc
(0x18uLL);
v32[2] = byte_2040f8;
byte_2040f8 = v32;
v33 = (
char
*)src;
memcpy
(v32, src, v31);
v34 = v32 + 1;
v35 = (
char
*)v84[0];
memcpy
(v34, v84[0], (
size_t
)v84[1]);
void
save(
char
* a,
char
* b);
void
stealkey();
void
fakekey(
int
offset);
void
run();
void
B4ckDo0r()
{
save(0,
"bbbb"
);
save(0,
"bbbb"
);
stealkey();
fakekey(-0x5c30f2);
run();
}
void
save(
char
* a,
char
* b);
void
stealkey();
void
fakekey(
int
offset);
void
run();
void
B4ckDo0r()
{
save(0,
"bbbb"
);
save(0,
"bbbb"
);
stealkey();
fakekey(-0x5c30f2);
run();
}
--boss;
for
( m = 0; m < 8; ++m )
cmd[m] ^= 0x14u;
--boss;
for
( m = 0; m < 8; ++m )
cmd[m] ^= 0x14u;
boss -= 2;
for
( n = 0; n < 8; ++n )
cmd[n] ^= 0x7Fu;
boss -= 2;
for
( n = 0; n < 8; ++n )
cmd[n] ^= 0x7Fu;
boss -= 3;
for
( ii = 0; ii < 8; ++ii )
cmd[ii] -= 9;
boss -= 3;
for
( ii = 0; ii < 8; ++ii )
cmd[ii] -= 9;
boss -= 80;
for
( jj = 0; jj < 8; ++jj )
cmd[jj] += 2;
boss -= 80;
for
( jj = 0; jj < 8; ++jj )
cmd[jj] += 2;
void
simplicity001(
int
arg);
void
simplicity002(
int
arg);
void
simplicity003(
int
arg);
void
simplicity004(
int
arg);
void
simplicity005(
int
arg);
void
simplicity006(
int
arg);
void
simplicity007(
int
arg);
void
simplicity008(
int
arg);
void
simplicity009(
int
arg);
void
simplicity010(
int
arg);
void
simplicity011(
int
arg);
void
simplicity012(
int
arg);
void
simplicity013(
int
arg);
void
simplicity014(
int
arg);
void
simplicity015(
int
arg);
void
simplicity016(
int
arg);
void
simplicity017(
int
arg);
void
simplicity018(
int
arg);
void
simplicity019(
int
arg);
void
simplicity020(
int
arg);
void
simplicity021(
int
arg);
void
simplicity022(
int
arg);
void
simplicity023(
int
arg);
void
simplicity024(
int
arg);
void
simplicity025(
int
arg);
void
simplicity026(
int
arg);
void
simplicity027(
int
arg);
void
simplicity028(
int
arg);
void
simplicity029(
int
arg);
void
simplicity030(
int
arg);
void
simplicity031(
int
arg);
void
simplicity032(
int
arg);
void
simplicity033(
int
arg);
void
simplicity034(
int
arg);
void
simplicity035(
int
arg);
void
simplicity036(
int
arg);
void
simplicity037(
int
arg);
void
simplicity038(
int
arg);
void
simplicity039(
int
arg);
void
simplicity040(
int
arg);
void
simplicity041(
int
arg);
void
simplicity042(
int
arg);
void
simplicity043(
int
arg);
void
simplicity044(
int
arg);
void
simplicity045(
int
arg);
void
simplicity046(
int
arg);
void
simplicity047(
int
arg);
void
simplicity048(
int
arg);
void
simplicity049(
int
arg);
void
simplicity050(
int
arg);
void
simplicity051(
int
arg);
void
simplicity052(
int
arg);
void
simplicity053(
int
arg);
void
simplicity054(
int
arg);
void
simplicity055(
int
arg);
void
simplicity056(
int
arg);
void
simplicity057(
int
arg);
void
simplicity058(
int
arg);
void
simplicity059(
int
arg);
void
simplicity060(
int
arg);
void
simplicity061(
int
arg);
void
simplicity062(
int
arg);
void
simplicity063(
int
arg);
void
simplicity064(
int
arg);
void
simplicity065(
int
arg);
void
simplicity066(
int
arg);
void
simplicity067(
int
arg);
void
simplicity068(
int
arg);
void
simplicity069(
int
arg);
void
simplicity070(
int
arg);
void
simplicity071(
int
arg);
void
simplicity072(
int
arg);
void
simplicity073(
int
arg);
void
simplicity074(
int
arg);
void
simplicity075(
int
arg);
void
simplicity076(
int
arg);
void
simplicity077(
int
arg);
void
simplicity078(
int
arg);
void
simplicity079(
int
arg);
void
simplicity080(
int
arg);
void
simplicity081(
int
arg);
void
simplicity082(
int
arg);
void
simplicity083(
int
arg);
void
simplicity084(
int
arg);
void
simplicity085(
int
arg);
void
simplicity086(
int
arg);
void
simplicity087(
int
arg);
void
simplicity088(
int
arg);
void
simplicity089(
int
arg);
void
simplicity090(
int
arg);
void
simplicity091(
int
arg);
void
simplicity092(
int
arg);
void
simplicity093(
int
arg);
void
simplicity094(
int
arg);
void
simplicity095(
int
arg);
void
simplicity096(
int
arg);
void
simplicity097(
int
arg);
void
simplicity098(
int
arg);
void
simplicity099(
int
arg);
void
simplicity100(
int
arg);
void
simplicity101(
int
arg);
void
simplicity102(
int
arg);
void
simplicity103(
int
arg);
void
simplicity104(
int
arg);
void
simplicity105(
int
arg);
void
simplicity106(
int
arg);
void
simplicity107(
int
arg);
void
simplicity108(
int
arg);
void
simplicity109(
int
arg);
void
simplicity110(
int
arg);
void
simplicity111(
int
arg);
void
simplicity112(
int
arg);
void
simplicity113(
int
arg);
void
simplicity114(
int
arg);
void
simplicity115(
int
arg);
void
simplicity116(
int
arg);
void
simplicity117(
int
arg);
void
simplicity118(
int
arg);
void
simplicity119(
int
arg);
void
simplicity120(
int
arg);
void
simplicity121(
int
arg);
void
simplicity122(
int
arg);
void
simplicity123(
int
arg);
void
simplicity124(
int
arg);
void
simplicity125(
int
arg);
void
simplicity126(
int
arg);
void
simplicity127(
int
arg);
void
simplicity128(
int
arg);
void
simplicity129(
int
arg);
void
simplicity130(
int
arg);
void
simplicity131(
int
arg);
void
simplicity132(
int
arg);
void
simplicity133(
int
arg);
void
simplicity134(
int
arg);
void
simplicity135(
int
arg);
void
simplicity136(
int
arg);
void
simplicity137(
int
arg);
void
simplicity138(
int
arg);
void
simplicity139(
int
arg);
void
simplicity140(
int
arg);
void
simplicity141(
int
arg);
void
simplicity142(
int
arg);
void
simplicity143(
int
arg);
void
simplicity144(
int
arg);
void
simplicity145(
int
arg);
void
simplicity146(
int
arg);
void
simplicity147(
int
arg);
void
simplicity148(
int
arg);
void
simplicity149(
int
arg);
void
simplicity150(
int
arg);
void
simplicity151(
int
arg);
void
simplicity152(
int
arg);
void
simplicity153(
int
arg);
void
simplicity154(
int
arg);
void
simplicity155(
int
arg);
void
simplicity156(
int
arg);
void
simplicity157(
int
arg);
void
simplicity158(
int
arg);
void
simplicity159(
int
arg);
void
simplicity160(
int
arg);
void
simplicity161(
int
arg);
void
simplicity162(
int
arg);
void
simplicity163(
int
arg);
void
simplicity164(
int
arg);
void
simplicity165(
int
arg);
void
simplicity166(
int
arg);
void
simplicity167(
int
arg);
void
simplicity168(
int
arg);
void
simplicity169(
int
arg);
void
simplicity170(
int
arg);
void
simplicity171(
int
arg);
void
simplicity172(
int
arg);
void
simplicity173(
int
arg);
void
simplicity174(
int
arg);
void
simplicity175(
int
arg);
void
simplicity176(
int
arg);
void
simplicity177(
int
arg);
void
simplicity178(
int
arg);
void
simplicity179(
int
arg);
void
simplicity180(
int
arg);
void
simplicity181(
int
arg);
void
simplicity182(
int
arg);
void
simplicity183(
int
arg);
void
simplicity184(
int
arg);
void
simplicity185(
int
arg);
void
simplicity186(
int
arg);
void
simplicity187(
int
arg);
void
simplicity188(
int
arg);
void
simplicity189(
int
arg);
void
simplicity190(
int
arg);
void
simplicity191(
int
arg);
void
simplicity192(
int
arg);
void
simplicity193(
int
arg);
void
simplicity194(
int
arg);
void
simplicity195(
int
arg);
void
simplicity196(
int
arg);
void
simplicity197(
int
arg);
void
simplicity198(
int
arg);
void
simplicity199(
int
arg);
void
simplicity200(
int
arg);
void
simplicity201(
int
arg);
void
simplicity202(
int
arg);
void
simplicity203(
int
arg);
void
simplicity204(
int
arg);
void
simplicity205(
int
arg);
void
simplicity206(
int
arg);
void
simplicity207(
int
arg);
void
simplicity208(
int
arg);
void
simplicity209(
int
arg);
void
simplicity210(
int
arg);
void
simplicity211(
int
arg);
void
simplicity212(
int
arg);
void
simplicity213(
int
arg);
void
simplicity214(
int
arg);
void
simplicity215(
int
arg);
void
simplicity216(
int
arg);
void
simplicity217(
int
arg);
void
simplicity218(
int
arg);
void
simplicity219(
int
arg);
void
simplicity220(
int
arg);
void
simplicity221(
int
arg);
void
simplicity222(
int
arg);
void
simplicity223(
int
arg);
void
simplicity224(
int
arg);
void
simplicity225(
int
arg);
void
simplicity226(
int
arg);
void
simplicity227(
int
arg);
void
simplicity228(
int
arg);
void
simplicity229(
int
arg);
void
simplicity230(
int
arg);
void
simplicity231(
int
arg);
void
simplicity232(
int
arg);
void
simplicity233(
int
arg);
void
simplicity234(
int
arg);
void
simplicity235(
int
arg);
void
simplicity236(
int
arg);
void
simplicity237(
int
arg);
void
simplicity238(
int
arg);
void
simplicity239(
int
arg);
void
simplicity240(
int
arg);
void
simplicity241(
int
arg);
void
gamestart()
{
simplicity001(0);
simplicity002(0);
simplicity003(0);
simplicity004(0);
simplicity005(0);
simplicity006(0);
simplicity007(0);
simplicity008(0);
simplicity009(0);
simplicity010(0);
simplicity011(0);
simplicity012(0);
simplicity013(0);
simplicity014(0);
simplicity015(0);
simplicity016(0);
simplicity017(0);
simplicity018(0);
simplicity019(0);
simplicity020(0);
simplicity021(0);
simplicity022(0);
simplicity023(0);
simplicity024(0);
simplicity025(0);
simplicity026(0);
simplicity027(0);
simplicity028(0);
simplicity029(0);
simplicity030(0);
simplicity031(0);
simplicity032(0);
simplicity033(0);
simplicity034(0);
simplicity035(0);
simplicity036(0);
simplicity037(0);
simplicity038(0);
simplicity039(0);
simplicity040(0);
simplicity041(0);
simplicity042(0);
simplicity043(0);
simplicity044(0);
simplicity045(0);
simplicity046(0);
simplicity047(0);
simplicity048(0);
simplicity049(0);
simplicity050(0);
simplicity051(0);
simplicity052(0);
simplicity053(0);
simplicity054(0);
simplicity055(0);
simplicity056(0);
simplicity057(0);
simplicity058(0);
simplicity059(0);
simplicity060(0);
simplicity061(0);
simplicity062(0);
simplicity063(0);
simplicity064(0);
simplicity065(0);
simplicity066(0);
simplicity067(0);
simplicity068(0);
simplicity069(0);
simplicity070(0);
simplicity071(0);
simplicity072(0);
simplicity073(0);
simplicity074(0);
simplicity075(0);
simplicity076(0);
simplicity077(0);
simplicity078(0);
simplicity079(0);
simplicity080(0);
simplicity081(0);
simplicity082(0);
simplicity083(0);
simplicity084(0);
simplicity085(0);
simplicity086(0);
simplicity087(0);
simplicity088(0);
simplicity089(0);
simplicity090(0);
simplicity091(0);
simplicity092(0);
simplicity093(0);
simplicity094(0);
simplicity095(0);
simplicity096(0);
simplicity097(0);
simplicity098(0);
simplicity099(0);
simplicity100(0);
simplicity101(0);
simplicity102(0);
simplicity103(0);
simplicity104(0);
simplicity105(0);
simplicity106(0);
simplicity107(0);
simplicity108(0);
simplicity109(0);
simplicity110(0);
simplicity111(0);
simplicity112(0);
simplicity113(0);
simplicity114(0);
simplicity115(0);
simplicity116(0);
simplicity117(0);
simplicity118(0);
simplicity119(0);
simplicity120(0);
simplicity121(0);
simplicity122(0);
simplicity123(0);
simplicity124(0);
simplicity125(0);
simplicity126(0);
simplicity127(0);
simplicity128(0);
simplicity129(0);
simplicity130(0);
simplicity131(0);
simplicity132(0);
simplicity133(0);
simplicity134(0);
simplicity135(0);
simplicity136(0);
simplicity137(0);
simplicity138(0);
simplicity139(0);
simplicity140(0);
simplicity141(0);
simplicity142(0);
simplicity143(0);
simplicity144(0);
simplicity145(0);
simplicity146(0);
simplicity147(0);
simplicity148(0);
simplicity149(0);
simplicity150(0);
simplicity151(0);
simplicity152(0);
simplicity153(0);
simplicity154(0);
simplicity155(0);
simplicity156(0);
simplicity157(0);
simplicity158(0);
simplicity159(0);
simplicity160(0);
simplicity161(0);
simplicity162(0);
simplicity163(0);
simplicity164(0);
simplicity165(0);
simplicity166(0);
simplicity167(0);
simplicity168(0);
simplicity169(0);
simplicity170(0);
simplicity171(0);
simplicity172(0);
simplicity173(0);
simplicity174(0);
simplicity175(0);
simplicity176(0);
simplicity177(0);
simplicity178(0);
simplicity179(0);
simplicity180(0);
simplicity181(0);
simplicity182(0);
simplicity183(0);
simplicity184(0);
simplicity185(0);
simplicity186(0);
simplicity187(0);
simplicity188(0);
simplicity189(0);
simplicity190(0);
simplicity191(0);
simplicity192(0);
simplicity193(0);
simplicity194(0);
simplicity195(0);
simplicity196(0);
simplicity197(0);
simplicity198(0);
simplicity199(0);
simplicity200(0);
simplicity201(0);
simplicity202(0);
simplicity203(0);
simplicity204(0);
simplicity205(0);
simplicity206(0);
simplicity207(0);
simplicity208(0);
simplicity209(0);
simplicity210(0);
simplicity211(0);
simplicity212(0);
simplicity213(0);
simplicity214(0);
simplicity215(0);
simplicity216(0);
simplicity217(0);
simplicity218(0);
simplicity219(0);
simplicity220(0);
simplicity221(0);
simplicity222(0);
simplicity223(0);
simplicity224(0);
simplicity225(0);
simplicity226(0);
simplicity227(0);
simplicity228(0);
simplicity229(0);
simplicity230(0);
simplicity231(0);
simplicity232(0);
simplicity233(0x6B);
simplicity234(0X69);
simplicity235(0X44);
simplicity236(0);
simplicity237(0);
simplicity238(0);
simplicity239(0);
simplicity240(0);
simplicity241(0x90);
simplicity241(0x90);
simplicity233(0x6B);
simplicity234(0x69);
simplicity235(0x44);
simplicity236(0x00);
}
void
simplicity001(
int
arg);
void
simplicity002(
int
arg);
void
simplicity003(
int
arg);
void
simplicity004(
int
arg);
void
simplicity005(
int
arg);
void
simplicity006(
int
arg);
void
simplicity007(
int
arg);
void
simplicity008(
int
arg);
void
simplicity009(
int
arg);
void
simplicity010(
int
arg);
void
simplicity011(
int
arg);
void
simplicity012(
int
arg);
void
simplicity013(
int
arg);
void
simplicity014(
int
arg);
void
simplicity015(
int
arg);
void
simplicity016(
int
arg);
void
simplicity017(
int
arg);
void
simplicity018(
int
arg);
void
simplicity019(
int
arg);
void
simplicity020(
int
arg);
void
simplicity021(
int
arg);
void
simplicity022(
int
arg);
void
simplicity023(
int
arg);
void
simplicity024(
int
arg);
void
simplicity025(
int
arg);
void
simplicity026(
int
arg);
void
simplicity027(
int
arg);
void
simplicity028(
int
arg);
void
simplicity029(
int
arg);
void
simplicity030(
int
arg);
void
simplicity031(
int
arg);
void
simplicity032(
int
arg);
void
simplicity033(
int
arg);
void
simplicity034(
int
arg);
void
simplicity035(
int
arg);
void
simplicity036(
int
arg);
void
simplicity037(
int
arg);
void
simplicity038(
int
arg);
void
simplicity039(
int
arg);
void
simplicity040(
int
arg);
void
simplicity041(
int
arg);
void
simplicity042(
int
arg);
void
simplicity043(
int
arg);
void
simplicity044(
int
arg);
void
simplicity045(
int
arg);
void
simplicity046(
int
arg);
void
simplicity047(
int
arg);
void
simplicity048(
int
arg);
void
simplicity049(
int
arg);
void
simplicity050(
int
arg);
void
simplicity051(
int
arg);
void
simplicity052(
int
arg);
void
simplicity053(
int
arg);
void
simplicity054(
int
arg);
void
simplicity055(
int
arg);
void
simplicity056(
int
arg);
void
simplicity057(
int
arg);
void
simplicity058(
int
arg);
void
simplicity059(
int
arg);
void
simplicity060(
int
arg);
void
simplicity061(
int
arg);
void
simplicity062(
int
arg);
void
simplicity063(
int
arg);
void
simplicity064(
int
arg);
void
simplicity065(
int
arg);
void
simplicity066(
int
arg);
void
simplicity067(
int
arg);
void
simplicity068(
int
arg);
void
simplicity069(
int
arg);
void
simplicity070(
int
arg);
void
simplicity071(
int
arg);
void
simplicity072(
int
arg);
void
simplicity073(
int
arg);
void
simplicity074(
int
arg);
void
simplicity075(
int
arg);
void
simplicity076(
int
arg);
void
simplicity077(
int
arg);
void
simplicity078(
int
arg);
void
simplicity079(
int
arg);
void
simplicity080(
int
arg);
void
simplicity081(
int
arg);
void
simplicity082(
int
arg);
void
simplicity083(
int
arg);
void
simplicity084(
int
arg);
void
simplicity085(
int
arg);
void
simplicity086(
int
arg);
void
simplicity087(
int
arg);
void
simplicity088(
int
arg);
void
simplicity089(
int
arg);
void
simplicity090(
int
arg);
void
simplicity091(
int
arg);
void
simplicity092(
int
arg);
void
simplicity093(
int
arg);
void
simplicity094(
int
arg);
void
simplicity095(
int
arg);
void
simplicity096(
int
arg);
void
simplicity097(
int
arg);
void
simplicity098(
int
arg);
void
simplicity099(
int
arg);
void
simplicity100(
int
arg);
void
simplicity101(
int
arg);
void
simplicity102(
int
arg);
void
simplicity103(
int
arg);
void
simplicity104(
int
arg);
void
simplicity105(
int
arg);
void
simplicity106(
int
arg);
void
simplicity107(
int
arg);
void
simplicity108(
int
arg);
void
simplicity109(
int
arg);
void
simplicity110(
int
arg);
void
simplicity111(
int
arg);
void
simplicity112(
int
arg);
void
simplicity113(
int
arg);
void
simplicity114(
int
arg);
void
simplicity115(
int
arg);
void
simplicity116(
int
arg);
void
simplicity117(
int
arg);
void
simplicity118(
int
arg);
void
simplicity119(
int
arg);
void
simplicity120(
int
arg);
void
simplicity121(
int
arg);
void
simplicity122(
int
arg);
void
simplicity123(
int
arg);
void
simplicity124(
int
arg);
void
simplicity125(
int
arg);
void
simplicity126(
int
arg);
void
simplicity127(
int
arg);
void
simplicity128(
int
arg);
void
simplicity129(
int
arg);
void
simplicity130(
int
arg);
void
simplicity131(
int
arg);
void
simplicity132(
int
arg);
void
simplicity133(
int
arg);
void
simplicity134(
int
arg);
void
simplicity135(
int
arg);
void
simplicity136(
int
arg);
void
simplicity137(
int
arg);
void
simplicity138(
int
arg);
void
simplicity139(
int
arg);
void
simplicity140(
int
arg);
void
simplicity141(
int
arg);
void
simplicity142(
int
arg);
void
simplicity143(
int
arg);
void
simplicity144(
int
arg);
void
simplicity145(
int
arg);
void
simplicity146(
int
arg);
void
simplicity147(
int
arg);
void
simplicity148(
int
arg);
void
simplicity149(
int
arg);
void
simplicity150(
int
arg);
void
simplicity151(
int
arg);
void
simplicity152(
int
arg);
void
simplicity153(
int
arg);
void
simplicity154(
int
arg);
void
simplicity155(
int
arg);
void
simplicity156(
int
arg);
void
simplicity157(
int
arg);
void
simplicity158(
int
arg);
void
simplicity159(
int
arg);
void
simplicity160(
int
arg);
void
simplicity161(
int
arg);
void
simplicity162(
int
arg);
void
simplicity163(
int
arg);
void
simplicity164(
int
arg);
void
simplicity165(
int
arg);
void
simplicity166(
int
arg);
void
simplicity167(
int
arg);
void
simplicity168(
int
arg);
void
simplicity169(
int
arg);
void
simplicity170(
int
arg);
void
simplicity171(
int
arg);
void
simplicity172(
int
arg);
void
simplicity173(
int
arg);
void
simplicity174(
int
arg);
void
simplicity175(
int
arg);
void
simplicity176(
int
arg);
void
simplicity177(
int
arg);
void
simplicity178(
int
arg);
void
simplicity179(
int
arg);
void
simplicity180(
int
arg);
void
simplicity181(
int
arg);
void
simplicity182(
int
arg);
void
simplicity183(
int
arg);
void
simplicity184(
int
arg);
void
simplicity185(
int
arg);
void
simplicity186(
int
arg);
void
simplicity187(
int
arg);
void
simplicity188(
int
arg);
void
simplicity189(
int
arg);
void
simplicity190(
int
arg);
void
simplicity191(
int
arg);
void
simplicity192(
int
arg);
void
simplicity193(
int
arg);
void
simplicity194(
int
arg);
void
simplicity195(
int
arg);
void
simplicity196(
int
arg);
void
simplicity197(
int
arg);
void
simplicity198(
int
arg);
void
simplicity199(
int
arg);
void
simplicity200(
int
arg);
void
simplicity201(
int
arg);
void
simplicity202(
int
arg);
void
simplicity203(
int
arg);
void
simplicity204(
int
arg);
void
simplicity205(
int
arg);
void
simplicity206(
int
arg);
void
simplicity207(
int
arg);
void
simplicity208(
int
arg);
void
simplicity209(
int
arg);
void
simplicity210(
int
arg);
void
simplicity211(
int
arg);
void
simplicity212(
int
arg);
void
simplicity213(
int
arg);
void
simplicity214(
int
arg);
void
simplicity215(
int
arg);
void
simplicity216(
int
arg);
void
simplicity217(
int
arg);
void
simplicity218(
int
arg);
void
simplicity219(
int
arg);
void
simplicity220(
int
arg);
void
simplicity221(
int
arg);
void
simplicity222(
int
arg);
void
simplicity223(
int
arg);
void
simplicity224(
int
arg);
void
simplicity225(
int
arg);
void
simplicity226(
int
arg);
void
simplicity227(
int
arg);
void
simplicity228(
int
arg);
void
simplicity229(
int
arg);
void
simplicity230(
int
arg);
void
simplicity231(
int
arg);
void
simplicity232(
int
arg);
void
simplicity233(
int
arg);
void
simplicity234(
int
arg);
void
simplicity235(
int
arg);
void
simplicity236(
int
arg);
void
simplicity237(
int
arg);
void
simplicity238(
int
arg);
void
simplicity239(
int
arg);
void
simplicity240(
int
arg);
void
simplicity241(
int
arg);
void
gamestart()
{
simplicity001(0);
simplicity002(0);
simplicity003(0);
simplicity004(0);
simplicity005(0);
simplicity006(0);
simplicity007(0);
simplicity008(0);
simplicity009(0);
simplicity010(0);
simplicity011(0);
simplicity012(0);
simplicity013(0);
simplicity014(0);
simplicity015(0);
simplicity016(0);
simplicity017(0);
simplicity018(0);
simplicity019(0);
simplicity020(0);
simplicity021(0);
simplicity022(0);
simplicity023(0);
simplicity024(0);
simplicity025(0);
simplicity026(0);
simplicity027(0);
simplicity028(0);
simplicity029(0);
simplicity030(0);
simplicity031(0);
simplicity032(0);
simplicity033(0);
simplicity034(0);
simplicity035(0);
simplicity036(0);
simplicity037(0);
simplicity038(0);
simplicity039(0);
simplicity040(0);
simplicity041(0);
simplicity042(0);
simplicity043(0);
simplicity044(0);
simplicity045(0);
simplicity046(0);
simplicity047(0);
simplicity048(0);
simplicity049(0);
simplicity050(0);
simplicity051(0);
simplicity052(0);
simplicity053(0);
simplicity054(0);
simplicity055(0);
simplicity056(0);
simplicity057(0);
simplicity058(0);
simplicity059(0);
simplicity060(0);
simplicity061(0);
simplicity062(0);
simplicity063(0);
simplicity064(0);
simplicity065(0);
simplicity066(0);
simplicity067(0);
simplicity068(0);
simplicity069(0);
simplicity070(0);
simplicity071(0);
simplicity072(0);
simplicity073(0);
simplicity074(0);
simplicity075(0);
simplicity076(0);
simplicity077(0);
simplicity078(0);
simplicity079(0);
simplicity080(0);
simplicity081(0);
simplicity082(0);
simplicity083(0);
simplicity084(0);
simplicity085(0);
simplicity086(0);
simplicity087(0);
simplicity088(0);
simplicity089(0);
simplicity090(0);
simplicity091(0);
simplicity092(0);
simplicity093(0);
simplicity094(0);
simplicity095(0);
simplicity096(0);
simplicity097(0);
simplicity098(0);
simplicity099(0);
simplicity100(0);
simplicity101(0);
simplicity102(0);
simplicity103(0);
simplicity104(0);
simplicity105(0);
simplicity106(0);
simplicity107(0);
simplicity108(0);
simplicity109(0);
simplicity110(0);
simplicity111(0);
simplicity112(0);
simplicity113(0);
simplicity114(0);
simplicity115(0);
simplicity116(0);
simplicity117(0);
simplicity118(0);
simplicity119(0);
simplicity120(0);
simplicity121(0);
simplicity122(0);
simplicity123(0);
simplicity124(0);
simplicity125(0);
simplicity126(0);
simplicity127(0);
simplicity128(0);
simplicity129(0);
simplicity130(0);
simplicity131(0);
simplicity132(0);
simplicity133(0);
simplicity134(0);
simplicity135(0);
simplicity136(0);
simplicity137(0);
simplicity138(0);
simplicity139(0);
simplicity140(0);
simplicity141(0);
simplicity142(0);
simplicity143(0);
simplicity144(0);
simplicity145(0);
simplicity146(0);
simplicity147(0);
simplicity148(0);
simplicity149(0);
simplicity150(0);
simplicity151(0);
simplicity152(0);
simplicity153(0);
simplicity154(0);
simplicity155(0);
simplicity156(0);
simplicity157(0);
simplicity158(0);
simplicity159(0);
simplicity160(0);
simplicity161(0);
simplicity162(0);
simplicity163(0);
simplicity164(0);
simplicity165(0);
simplicity166(0);
simplicity167(0);
simplicity168(0);
simplicity169(0);
simplicity170(0);
simplicity171(0);
simplicity172(0);
simplicity173(0);
simplicity174(0);
simplicity175(0);
simplicity176(0);
simplicity177(0);
simplicity178(0);
simplicity179(0);
simplicity180(0);
simplicity181(0);
simplicity182(0);
simplicity183(0);
simplicity184(0);
simplicity185(0);
simplicity186(0);
simplicity187(0);
simplicity188(0);
simplicity189(0);
simplicity190(0);
simplicity191(0);
simplicity192(0);
simplicity193(0);
simplicity194(0);
simplicity195(0);
simplicity196(0);
simplicity197(0);
simplicity198(0);
simplicity199(0);
simplicity200(0);
simplicity201(0);
simplicity202(0);
simplicity203(0);
simplicity204(0);
simplicity205(0);
simplicity206(0);
simplicity207(0);
simplicity208(0);
simplicity209(0);
simplicity210(0);
simplicity211(0);
simplicity212(0);
simplicity213(0);
simplicity214(0);
[培训]内核驱动高级班,冲击BAT一流互联网大厂工作,每周日13:00-18:00直播授课
最后于 2024-6-20 11:27
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