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WinDbg的 !CS -l 和 !locks 使用练习

发表于: 2024-2-19 21:15 4265

WinDbg的 !CS -l 和 !locks 使用练习

_THINCT

2024-2-19 21:15

4265

最近尝试分析一个程序死锁的问题，发现无论是使用!cs -l 还是 !locks都是没有任何有效的输出，于是怀疑是不是自己的WinDbg版本或环境配置上出了问题，导致了这两个命令失效，所以有了本篇简单的用例来测试WinDbg命令，顺便针对这两个分析线程死锁的高频命令做一个详细的笔记。如果有对WinDbg调试道友，可以加个好友一起讨论讨论。

测试部分代码如下:

因为两个线程函数同时拉起，导致了临界区死锁问题。
图片描述
使用WinDbg启动程序，并使用命令 !cs -l 进行查看:

分析命令输出各字段的含义:

另外，分析死锁还有 !locks

分析命令输出各字段的含义:

上面的两个命令基本分析出了死锁的状态，接下来使用 ~*kvn 来查看所有线程的堆栈情况。

根据!cs -l可知OwningThread = 0x0000367c,线程367c拥有临界区Critical section = 0x000750585058,结合上面线程的栈帧发现,当前线程试图进入临界区5070.见4号线程栈帧04第一个参数.同理，有5号线程拥有临界区Critical section = 0x00075070 (CriticalSectionDead!cs2+0x0),但是试图进入4号线程的临界区。综上所述，两个线程各自的拥有的临界区未退出，想要访问对方的临界区而形成交叉，导致自旋锁失败而产生死锁.

点击查看测试工程代码

关于TestDeadLocks.7z起初是想复现 [原创]调试TerminateThread导致的死锁这位大佬的文章，遇到了现在的问题。

CRITICAL_SECTION cs1, cs2;
 
void DeadlockThread1(int threadId)
{

    EnterCriticalSection(&cs1);

    std::cout << "Thread " << threadId << " entered cs1\n";

    Sleep(100); // 让线程暂停一段时间，以便另一个线程有机会执行

    EnterCriticalSection(&cs2);

    std::cout << "Thread " << threadId << " entered cs2\n";

    LeaveCriticalSection(&cs2);

    LeaveCriticalSection(&cs1);
}
 
void DeadlockThread2(int threadId)
{

    EnterCriticalSection(&cs2);

    std::cout << "Thread " << threadId << " entered cs2\n";

    Sleep(100); // 让线程暂停一段时间，以便另一个线程有机会执行

    EnterCriticalSection(&cs1);

    std::cout << "Thread " << threadId << " entered cs1\n";

    LeaveCriticalSection(&cs1);

    LeaveCriticalSection(&cs2);
}

CRITICAL_SECTION cs1, cs2;

void DeadlockThread1(int threadId)

{

EnterCriticalSection(&cs1);

std::cout << "Thread " << threadId << " entered cs1\n";

Sleep(100); // 让线程暂停一段时间，以便另一个线程有机会执行

EnterCriticalSection(&cs2);

std::cout << "Thread " << threadId << " entered cs2\n";

LeaveCriticalSection(&cs2);

LeaveCriticalSection(&cs1);

}

void DeadlockThread2(int threadId)

{

EnterCriticalSection(&cs2);

std::cout << "Thread " << threadId << " entered cs2\n";

Sleep(100); // 让线程暂停一段时间，以便另一个线程有机会执行

EnterCriticalSection(&cs1);

std::cout << "Thread " << threadId << " entered cs1\n";

LeaveCriticalSection(&cs1);

LeaveCriticalSection(&cs2);

}

0:006> !cs -l

-----------------------------------------

DebugInfo          = 0x773e4a40

Critical section   = 0x00075058 (CriticalSectionDead!cs1+0x0)
LOCKED

LockCount          = 0x1

WaiterWoken        = No

OwningThread       = 0x0000367c

RecursionCount     = 0x1

LockSemaphore      = 0xFFFFFFFF

SpinCount          = 0x020007d0

-----------------------------------------

DebugInfo          = 0x773e4a60

Critical section   = 0x00075070 (CriticalSectionDead!cs2+0x0)
LOCKED

LockCount          = 0x1

WaiterWoken        = No

OwningThread       = 0x0000338c

RecursionCount     = 0x1

LockSemaphore      = 0xFFFFFFFF

SpinCount          = 0x020007d0

0:006> !cs -l

-----------------------------------------

DebugInfo = 0x773e4a40

Critical section = 0x00075058 (CriticalSectionDead!cs1+0x0)

LOCKED

LockCount = 0x1

WaiterWoken = No

OwningThread = 0x0000367c

RecursionCount = 0x1

LockSemaphore = 0xFFFFFFFF

SpinCount = 0x020007d0

-----------------------------------------

DebugInfo = 0x773e4a60

Critical section = 0x00075070 (CriticalSectionDead!cs2+0x0)

LOCKED

LockCount = 0x1

WaiterWoken = No

OwningThread = 0x0000338c

RecursionCount = 0x1

LockSemaphore = 0xFFFFFFFF

SpinCount = 0x020007d0

0:006> !locks
 
CritSec CriticalSectionDead!cs1+0 at 00075058
WaiterWoken        No

LockCount          1

RecursionCount     1

OwningThread       367c

EntryCount         0

ContentionCount    1

*** Locked
 
CritSec CriticalSectionDead!cs2+0 at 00075070
WaiterWoken        No

LockCount          1

RecursionCount     1

OwningThread       338c

EntryCount         0

ContentionCount    1

*** Locked
 
Scanned 5 critical sections

0:006> !locks

CritSec CriticalSectionDead!cs1+0 at 00075058

WaiterWoken No

LockCount 1

RecursionCount 1

OwningThread 367c

EntryCount 0

ContentionCount 1

*** Locked

CritSec CriticalSectionDead!cs2+0 at 00075070

WaiterWoken No

LockCount 1

RecursionCount 1

OwningThread 338c

EntryCount 0

ContentionCount 1

*** Locked

Scanned 5 critical sections

006> ~*kvn
 
   0  Id: 3a10.1b00 Suspend: 1 Teb: 00d26000 Unfrozen

 # ChildEBP RetAddr      Args to Child              

00f5fd30 76dbada9     000000e8 00000000 00000000 ntdll!NtWaitForSingleObject+0xc (FPO: [3,0,0])

00f5fda4 76dbad02     000000e8 ffffffff 00000000 KERNELBASE!WaitForSingleObjectEx+0x99 (FPO: [SEH])

00f5fdb8 0007150e     000000e8 ffffffff 0111ef58 KERNELBASE!WaitForSingleObject+0x12 (FPO: [Non-Fpo])

00f5fdd0 00071700     00000001 01116cd0 0111ef58 CriticalSectionDead!main+0x4e (FPO: [0,0,4]) (CONV: cdecl) [E:\debug-demo-set\DeadLocks\CriticalSectionDead\main.cpp @ 37] 

(Inline) --------     -------- -------- -------- CriticalSectionDead!invoke_main+0x1c (Inline Function @ 00071700) (CONV: cdecl) [D:\a\_work\1\s\src\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_common.inl @ 78] 

00f5fe18 766bfcc9     00d23000 766bfcb0 00f5fe84 CriticalSectionDead!__scrt_common_main_seh+0xfa (FPO: [Non-Fpo]) (CONV: cdecl) [D:\a\_work\1\s\src\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_common.inl @ 288] 

00f5fe28 77327c5e     00d23000 3d12d987 00000000 KERNEL32!BaseThreadInitThunk+0x19 (FPO: [Non-Fpo])

00f5fe84 77327c2e     ffffffff 77348c18 00000000 ntdll!__RtlUserThreadStart+0x2f (FPO: [SEH])

00f5fe94 00000000     00071788 00d23000 00000000 ntdll!_RtlUserThreadStart+0x1b (FPO: [Non-Fpo])
 
   1  Id: 3a10.ef4 Suspend: 1 Teb: 00d29000 Unfrozen

 # ChildEBP RetAddr      Args to Child              

0130f778 772f5bd0     000000c4 01115678 00000010 ntdll!NtWaitForWorkViaWorkerFactory+0xc (FPO: [5,0,0])

0130f938 766bfcc9     01114f60 766bfcb0 0130f9a4 ntdll!TppWorkerThread+0x2a0 (FPO: [Non-Fpo])

0130f948 77327c5e     01114f60 3cd7dea7 00000000 KERNEL32!BaseThreadInitThunk+0x19 (FPO: [Non-Fpo])

0130f9a4 77327c2e     ffffffff 77348c18 00000000 ntdll!__RtlUserThreadStart+0x2f (FPO: [SEH])

0130f9b4 00000000     772f5930 01114f60 00000000 ntdll!_RtlUserThreadStart+0x1b (FPO: [Non-Fpo])
 
   2  Id: 3a10.3524 Suspend: 1 Teb: 00d2c000 Unfrozen

 # ChildEBP RetAddr      Args to Child              

0140fd74 772f5bd0     000000c4 01115af0 00000010 ntdll!NtWaitForWorkViaWorkerFactory+0xc (FPO: [5,0,0])

0140ff34 766bfcc9     01114f60 766bfcb0 0140ffa0 ntdll!TppWorkerThread+0x2a0 (FPO: [Non-Fpo])

0140ff44 77327c5e     01114f60 3ca7d8a3 00000000 KERNEL32!BaseThreadInitThunk+0x19 (FPO: [Non-Fpo])

0140ffa0 77327c2e     ffffffff 77348c18 00000000 ntdll!__RtlUserThreadStart+0x2f (FPO: [SEH])

0140ffb0 00000000     772f5930 01114f60 00000000 ntdll!_RtlUserThreadStart+0x1b (FPO: [Non-Fpo])
 
   3  Id: 3a10.38ec Suspend: 1 Teb: 00d2f000 Unfrozen

 # ChildEBP RetAddr      Args to Child              

0154f6b0 772f5bd0     000000c4 01116918 00000010 ntdll!NtWaitForWorkViaWorkerFactory+0xc (FPO: [5,0,0])

0154f870 766bfcc9     01114f60 766bfcb0 0154f8dc ntdll!TppWorkerThread+0x2a0 (FPO: [Non-Fpo])

0154f880 77327c5e     01114f60 3cb3dfdf 00000000 KERNEL32!BaseThreadInitThunk+0x19 (FPO: [Non-Fpo])

0154f8dc 77327c2e     ffffffff 77348c18 00000000 ntdll!__RtlUserThreadStart+0x2f (FPO: [SEH])

0154f8ec 00000000     772f5930 01114f60 00000000 ntdll!_RtlUserThreadStart+0x1b (FPO: [Non-Fpo])
 
   4  Id: 3a10.367c Suspend: 1 Teb: 00d32000 Unfrozen

 # ChildEBP RetAddr      Args to Child              

0168fae0 7731f999     00075074 00000000 00075070 ntdll!NtWaitForAlertByThreadId+0xc (FPO: [2,0,0])

0168fb10 7731f6ed     00000000 00000000 00075070 ntdll!RtlpWaitOnAddressWithTimeout+0x64 (FPO: [Non-Fpo])

0168fbb0 7730011a     000713a0 00000001 00000001 ntdll!RtlpWaitOnCriticalSection+0x18d (FPO: [Non-Fpo])

0168fbe8 772fff69     00000000 0168fc04 000713ef ntdll!RtlpEnterCriticalSectionContended+0x1aa (FPO: [Non-Fpo])

0168fbf4 000713ef     00075070 000713a0 0168fc14 ntdll!RtlEnterCriticalSection+0x49 (FPO: [1,0,0])

0168fc04 766bfcc9     00000001 766bfcb0 0168fc70 CriticalSectionDead!DeadlockThread1+0x4f (FPO: [Non-Fpo]) (CONV: cdecl) [E:\debug-demo-set\DeadLocks\CriticalSectionDead\main.cpp @ 12] 

0168fc14 77327c5e     00000001 3c8fdb73 00000000 KERNEL32!BaseThreadInitThunk+0x19 (FPO: [Non-Fpo])

0168fc70 77327c2e     ffffffff 77348c18 00000000 ntdll!__RtlUserThreadStart+0x2f (FPO: [SEH])

0168fc80 00000000     000713a0 00000001 00000000 ntdll!_RtlUserThreadStart+0x1b (FPO: [Non-Fpo])
 
   5  Id: 3a10.338c Suspend: 1 Teb: 00d35000 Unfrozen

 # ChildEBP RetAddr      Args to Child              

017cf7c8 7731f999     0007505c 00000000 00075058 ntdll!NtWaitForAlertByThreadId+0xc (FPO: [2,0,0])

017cf7f8 7731f6ed     00000000 00000000 00075058 ntdll!RtlpWaitOnAddressWithTimeout+0x64 (FPO: [Non-Fpo])

017cf898 7730011a     00071430 00000002 00000002 ntdll!RtlpWaitOnCriticalSection+0x18d (FPO: [Non-Fpo])

017cf8d0 772fff69     017cf8e8 0007147f 00075058 ntdll!RtlpEnterCriticalSectionContended+0x1aa (FPO: [Non-Fpo])

017cf8d8 0007147f     00075058 00071430 017cf8f8 ntdll!RtlEnterCriticalSection+0x49 (FPO: [1,0,0])

017cf8e8 766bfcc9     00000002 766bfcb0 017cf954 CriticalSectionDead!DeadlockThread2+0x4f (FPO: [Non-Fpo]) (CONV: cdecl) [E:\debug-demo-set\DeadLocks\CriticalSectionDead\main.cpp @ 23] 

017cf8f8 77327c5e     00000002 3c9bde57 00000000 KERNEL32!BaseThreadInitThunk+0x19 (FPO: [Non-Fpo])

017cf954 77327c2e     ffffffff 77348c18 00000000 ntdll!__RtlUserThreadStart+0x2f (FPO: [SEH])

017cf964 00000000     00071430 00000002 00000000 ntdll!_RtlUserThreadStart+0x1b (FPO: [Non-Fpo])
 
#  6  Id: 3a10.35dc Suspend: 1 Teb: 00d38000 Unfrozen

 # ChildEBP RetAddr      Args to Child              

0190f948 7736dba9     3c77de7b 7736db70 7736db70 ntdll!DbgBreakPoint (FPO: [0,0,0])

0190f978 766bfcc9     00000000 766bfcb0 0190f9e4 ntdll!DbgUiRemoteBreakin+0x39 (FPO: [Non-Fpo])

0190f988 77327c5e     00000000 3c77dee7 00000000 KERNEL32!BaseThreadInitThunk+0x19 (FPO: [Non-Fpo])

0190f9e4 77327c2e     ffffffff 77348c18 00000000 ntdll!__RtlUserThreadStart+0x2f (FPO: [SEH])

0190f9f4 00000000     7736db70 00000000 00000000 ntdll!_RtlUserThreadStart+0x1b (FPO: [Non-Fpo])

0:006> ~*kvn

0 Id: 3a10.1b00 Suspend: 1 Teb: 00d26000 Unfrozen

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最后于 2024-2-19 22:31 被_THINCT编辑，原因：

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WinDbgPaper.pdf （365.06kb，5次下载）
TestDeadLocks.7z （89.28kb，6次下载）

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mb_wtmbyxbz 雪币：能力值： ( LV1，RANK：0 ) 在线值：发帖 0 回帖 1 粉丝 0 关注私信	mb_wtmbyxbz 2 楼哈喽，请问作者用的是什么版本的windbg，我是用x64的这两个命令用不了 2024-7-12 18:03 0
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